さるのこしかけ宮沢賢治

Part 1 of 3 · JLPT N2

さるのこしかけ Sarunokoshikake, part 1: Narao Meets the Monkey General

by Miyazawa Kenji · 1,380 characters · from Three Little Seats on the Chestnut Tree

In this part

One evening Narao spots three white bracket fungi on the chestnut tree behind his house and mocks the tiny monkeys who might sit on them. Three little monkeys appear, led by a uniformed general who first questions him rudely and then, when Narao talks back, turns very polite and invites him somewhere nice. Narao agrees and crawls through a door at the foot of the tree, finding the trunk hollow like a chimney, with tiny lights and a tiny staircase climbing upward.

AI translation · independently checked

楢夫ならおは夕方ゆうがた、裏うらの大おおきな栗くりの木きの下したに行いきました。One evening Narao went to the foot of the big chestnut tree out back.

その幹みきの、丁度ちょうど楢夫ならおの目め位くらい高たかい所ところに、白しろいきのこが三みっつできていました。On its trunk, at just about the height of Narao's eyes, three white mushrooms had grown.

まん中なかのは大おおきく、両りょうがわの二ふたつはずっと小ちいさく、そして少すこし低ひくいのでした。The one in the middle was big, and the two on either side were much smaller and sat a little lower.

楢夫ならおは、じっとそれを眺ながめて、ひとりごとを言いいました。Narao gazed steadily at them and said to himself:

「ははあ、これがさるのこしかけだ。けれどもこいつへ腰こしをかけるようなやつなら、すいぶん小ちいさな猿さるだ。そして、まん中なかにかけるのがきっと小猿こざるの大将たいしょうで、両りょうわきにかけるのは、ただの兵隊へいたいにちがいない。いくら小猿こざるの大将たいしょうが威張いばったって、僕ぼくのにぎりこぶしの位くらいもないのだ。どんな顔かおをしているか、一いちぺん見みてやりたいもんだ。」"Aha, so this is a monkey's seat. But any fellow who sits on one of these must be a pretty small monkey. And the one who sits in the middle is sure to be the little monkeys' general, and the ones on each side must be plain soldiers. However much the little monkey general swaggers, he isn't even as big as my fist. I'd really like to see what kind of face he's got, just once."

そしたら、きのこの上うえに、ひょっこり三さん疋びきの小猿こざるがあらわれて腰掛こしかけました。And just then, three little monkeys suddenly popped up and sat down on the mushrooms.

やっぱり、まん中なかのは、大将たいしょうの軍服ぐんぷくで、小ちいさいながら勲章くんしょうも六むつばかり提さげています。Sure enough, the one in the middle wore a general's uniform, and though he was small, he had about six medals hanging on him.

両りょうわきの小猿こざるは、あまり小ちいさいので、肩章けんしょうがよくわかりませんでした。The little monkeys on either side were so very small that Narao couldn't make out their shoulder badges.

小猿こざるの大将たいしょうは、手帳てちょうのようなものを出だして、足あしを重かさねてぶらぶらさせながら、楢夫ならおに云いいました。The little monkey general took out something like a notebook, crossed his legs and swung them back and forth, and said to Narao:

「おまえが楢夫ならおか。ふん。何なん歳さいになる。」"You're Narao, are you? Hmph. How old are you?"

楢夫ならおはばかばかしくなってしまいました。Narao felt this was just ridiculous.

小ちいさな小ちいさな猿さるの癖くせに、軍服ぐんぷくなどを着きて、手帳てちょうまで出だして、人間にんげんをさも捕虜ほりょか何なんかのように扱あつかうのです。Here was a tiny, tiny monkey, yet he was wearing a uniform and had even taken out a notebook, and he was treating a human being as if he were some sort of prisoner of war.

楢夫ならおが申もうしました。Narao said:

「何なんだい。小猿こざる。もっと語ことばを丁寧ていねいにしないと僕ぼくは返事へんじなんかしないぞ。」"What's that? Little monkey! If you don't talk more politely, I won't answer you, so there!"

小猿こざるが顔かおをしかめて、どうも笑わらったらしいのです。The little monkey screwed up his face; it seemed he was laughing.

もう夕方ゆうがたになって、そんな小ちいさな顔かおはよくわかりませんでした。It was already evening, and such a small face was hard to make out.

けれども小猿こざるは、急いそいで手帳てちょうをしまって、今度こんどは手てを膝ひざの上うえで組くみ合あわせながら云いいました。But the little monkey hurriedly put his notebook away, and this time, folding his hands on his knees, he said:

「仲々なかなか強情ごうじょうな子供こどもだ。俺おれはもう六十ろくじゅうになるんだぞ。そして陸軍りくぐん大将たいしょうだぞ。」"What a stubborn child. I'll have you know I'm already sixty years old. And I'm a general of the army!"

楢夫ならおは怒おこってしまいました。Narao got angry.

「何なんだい。六十ろくじゅうになっても、そんなにちいさいなら、もうさきの見込みこみが無ないやい。腰掛こしかけのまま下したへ落おとすぞ。」"What's that? If you're still that small at sixty, there's no hope left for you! I'll knock you down, seat and all!"

小猿こざるが又また笑わらったようでした。The little monkey seemed to laugh again.

どうも、大変たいへん、これが気きにかかりました。Somehow this bothered Narao a great deal.

けれども小猿こざるは急きゅうにぶらぶらさせていた足あしをきちんとそろえておじぎをしました。But the little monkey suddenly put together the legs he had been swinging, neatly side by side, and bowed.

そしていやに丁寧ていねいに云いいました。Then he spoke with an odd, exaggerated politeness.

「楢夫ならおさん。いや、どうか怒おこらないで下ください。私わたくしはいい所ところへお連つれしようと思おもって、あなたのお年としまでお尋たずねしたのです。どうです。おいでになりませんか。いやになったらすぐお帰かえりになったらいいでしょう。」"Mister Narao. Oh, please, I beg you not to be angry. I only went so far as to inquire about your honourable age because I wished to escort you to a very fine place. What do you say? Would you not care to come along? Should it displease you, you may of course return home at once."

家来けらいの二に疋ひきの小猿こざるも、一生いっしょうけん命めい、眼めをパチパチさせて、楢夫ならおを案内あんないするようにまごころを見みせましたので、楢なら夫おも一寸ちょっと行いって見みたくなりました。The general's two monkey followers also blinked their eyes as hard as they could, showing their sincere wish to be his guides, so Narao began to feel he'd like to go and see for a bit.

なあに、いやになったら、すぐ帰かえるだけだ。Oh well, if he didn't like it, he'd just come straight home.

「うん。行いってもいい。しかしお前まえらはもう少すこし語ことばに気きをつけないといかんぞ。」"All right. I'll go. But you lot had better watch your language a bit more."

小猿こざるの大将たいしょうは、むやみに沢山たくさんうなずきながら、腰掛こしかけの上うえに立たちあがりました。The little monkey general nodded over and over and stood up on his seat.

見みると、栗くりの木きの三みっつのきのこの上うえに、三みっつの小ちいさな入口いりぐちができていました。Narao looked and saw that above each of the three mushrooms on the chestnut tree, a tiny doorway had appeared.

それから栗くりの木きの根ねもとには、楢夫ならおの入いれる位くらいの、四角しかくな入口いりぐちがあります。And at the foot of the chestnut tree there was a square doorway just big enough for Narao to get into.

小猿こざるの大将たいしょうは、自分じぶんの入口いりぐちに一寸ちょっと顔かおを入いれて、それから振ふり向むいて、楢夫ならおに申もうしました。The little monkey general poked his face into his own doorway for a moment, then turned round and said to Narao:

「只今ただいま、電燈でんとうを点つけますからどうかそこからおはいり下ください。入口いりぐちは少すこし狭せもうございますが、中なかは大たいへん楽らくでございます。」"I shall switch on the electric lights directly, so kindly enter from there. The entrance is a trifle narrow, but inside it is most comfortable."

小猿こざるは三さん疋ひき、中なかにはいってしまい、それと一緒いっしょに栗くりの木きの中なかに、電燈でんとうがパッと点つきました。The three little monkeys all went inside, and at that very moment the electric lights inside the chestnut tree flashed on.

楢夫ならおは、入口いりぐちから、急いそいで這はい込こみました。Narao hurriedly crawled in through the doorway.

栗くりの木きなんて、まるで煙突えんとつのようなものでした。The chestnut tree was just like a chimney inside.

十じゅう間けん置おき位くらいに、小ちいさな電燈でんとうがついて、小ちいさな小ちいさなはしご段だんがまわりの壁かべにそって、どこまでも上うえの方ほうに、のぼって行いくのでした。About every ten ken there was a little electric light, and a tiny, tiny staircase ran along the wall all the way round, climbing up and up without end.

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
幹みきtree trunkN1
眺めてながめるto gaze at, look at for a whiledictionary form: 眺めるSuggests looking steadily or taking in a view, not a quick glance.N3
大将たいしょうgeneral; leader, bossA top military rank, but also used casually for the leader of a group.—
威張ったいばるto swagger, act important, be bossydictionary form: 威張るN2
勲章くんしょうmedal, decoration—
肩章けんしょうshoulder badge, epaulette (showing rank)肩 'shoulder' + 章 'badge'; compare 勲章.—
捕虜ほりょprisoner of war, captiveN1
強情ごうじょうstubborn, obstinateA な-adjective; here used before a noun as 強情な子供.—
見込みこみprospect, hope (for the future)dictionary form: 見込みUsually written 見込み today. 見込みが無い = 'there's no hope'.N1
家来けらいfollower, retainer, servantOld-fashioned word for someone who serves a lord; common in folk tales.N1
まごころまごころsincerity, true heartdictionary form: 真心N1
煙突えんとつchimneyN2
間けんken, an old unit of length (about 1.8 m)Here 十間置き means 'every ten ken', roughly every 18 metres.—

Grammar

〜にちがいない N3 must be, surely is

Attached to a noun or plain form, it expresses a strong, confident guess. Narao is sure the side monkeys are only ordinary soldiers.

両わきにかけるのは、ただの兵隊にちがいない。

the ones who sit on each side must be plain soldiers.

いくら〜たって N3 no matter how much ~

〜たって is a casual form of 〜ても, 'even if'. With いくら it means 'however much ~, still...'.

いくら小猿の大将が威張ったって、僕のにぎりこぶしの位もないのだ。

However much the little monkey general swaggers, he isn't even as big as my fist.

〜ながら (concessive) N2 although, while being ~

After an adjective or noun, ながら means 'though ~' rather than 'while doing'. The general is small, yet he has medals.

小さいながら勲章も六つばかり提げています。

though he was small, he had about six medals hanging on him.

〜の癖に N3 even though ~ (with disapproval)

Shows the speaker's annoyance that someone acts in a way that doesn't fit what they are. Here, a tiny monkey acting like an important officer.

小さな小さな猿の癖に、軍服などを着て

a tiny, tiny monkey, yet wearing a uniform

お〜する / お〜になる (humble and honorific keigo) N4 humble 'I do ~ for you' / respectful 'you do ~'

お連れする and お尋ねする lower the speaker's own actions, while おいでになる and お帰りになる raise the listener's. The general piles these up to sound over-polite.

いやになったらすぐお帰りになったらいいでしょう。

Should it displease you, you may of course return home at once.

〜ないといかん N3 must ~, have to ~

A blunt, old-fashioned or rough version of 〜ないといけない. Narao uses it to order the monkeys around.

お前らはもう少し語に気をつけないといかんぞ。

you lot had better watch your language a bit more.