Cover of 杜子春 (Toshishun)N5 · easy

Simplified retelling · JLPT N5

杜子春 Toshishun in easy Japanese (N5)

Retold for N5 learners after the story by Akutagawa Ryūnosuke · 985 characters

This is our own simplified retelling of Toshishun and the Hermit of Mount Gabi, written for N5 learners and checked word by word against the N5 vocabulary list. A few story words and grammar patterns go beyond N5; the notes below give each one's level. It keeps the characters, events and ending of the original. When it feels easy, move on to the N4 version or the original text.

The story in brief

Toshishun is poor until a mysterious old man twice shows him where money is buried, and twice he spends it all. Tired of false friends, he asks the old man, a hermit, to teach him. On a mountain he stays silent through terrible trials and even death, but in Hell he cries out when he sees his parents beaten. He wakes at the west gate again, glad to live as a good, hard-working man, and the old man gives him a house.

AI translation · independently checked

はるのゆうがた、大おおきなまちの西にしのもんの下したに、わかい男おとこがたっていました。One spring evening, a young man was standing under the west gate of a great city.

名なまえはとししゅんです。His name was Toshishun.

お金かねもねるところもありません。He had no money and no place to sleep.

おじいさんが来きて、「何なにをしていますか。」と聞ききました。An old man came up and asked, "What are you doing?"

「ねるところがありません。」とこたえると、「あそこの下したにお金かねがありますよ。」といって、どこかへ行いきました。When Toshishun answered, "I have no place to sleep," the old man said, "There is money under that spot over there," and went off somewhere.

よるにそこを見みると、お金かねがたくさんありました。When he looked there that night, he found a great deal of money.

とししゅんは大おおきないえをかって、毎日まいにち友ともだちとおさけをのみました。Toshishun bought a big house and drank wine with his friends every day.

でも、三さん年ねんでお金かねをぜんぶつかいました。But in three years he had spent all the money.

友ともだちはもう来きません。His friends no longer came.

おじいさんはまたお金かねのあるところをおしえました。The old man once again told him where there was money.

でも、また三さん年ねんでぜんぶつかいました。But again, in three years, he spent it all.

つぎにおじいさんが来くると、とししゅんはいいました。The next time the old man came, Toshishun spoke.

「お金かねはもういりません。お金かねがない人ひととは、だれも話はなしません。あなたはせんにんですね。わたしの先生せんせいになってください。」おじいさんは「いいですよ。」とこたえました。"I don't want money anymore. Nobody talks to a person who has no money. You are a hermit with magic powers, aren't you? Please become my teacher." The old man answered, "Very well."

二人ふたりはそらをとんで、高たかい山やまへ行いきました。The two of them flew through the sky to a high mountain.

「何なにが来きても、こえを出ださないでください。」とおじいさんはいって、出でかけました。"Whatever comes, please do not make a sound," said the old man, and he went away.

よるに、大おおきなとらと白しろいへびが来きました。In the night, a huge tiger and a white snake came.

つよいかぜと雨あめも来きました。A strong wind and rain came too.

つぎに大おおきな男おとこが来きて、「だれだ。」と聞ききました。Next, a giant of a man came and demanded, "Who are you?"

でも、とししゅんは何なにもいいません。But Toshishun said nothing.

男おとこはナイフでとししゅんをきって、とししゅんはしにました。The man cut Toshishun with a knife, and Toshishun died.

じごくで、えんまが「なぜ山やまの上うえにいましたか。」と聞ききました。In Hell, King Enma asked, "Why were you on top of the mountain?"

おにたちはとししゅんを、とてもあついところやさむいところへ入いれました。The demons put Toshishun into terribly hot places and terribly cold places.

でも、とししゅんは何なにもいいませんでした。But Toshishun still said nothing.

すると、うまが来きました。Then some horses came.

しんだ父ちちと母ははでした。They were his dead father and mother.

おにたちはうまをむちでたくさんうちました。The demons struck the horses again and again with whips.

うまはいたくて、なきました。The horses cried out in pain.

小ちいさなこえがしました。A small voice could be heard.

母ははのこえです。It was his mother's voice.

「わたしたちはだいじょうぶです。あなたがげんきなら、それでいいです。何なにもいわないでください。」"We are all right. As long as you are well, that is enough. Please don't say anything."

とししゅんはうまのそばへはしって行いって、「お母かあさん!」と大おおきなこえでいいました。Toshishun ran to the horses' side and cried out in a loud voice, "Mother!"

すると、とししゅんはまた西にしのもんの下したにいました。Then Toshishun was under the west gate again.

おじいさんが「せんにんにはなりませんでしたね。」といいました。The old man said, "So you did not become a hermit."

「はい。でも、それでよかったです。父ちちと母ははを見みて、何なにもいわないのはいやです。」"No. But I'm glad it turned out this way. I don't want to see my father and mother and say nothing."

「これから何なにになりますか。」「毎日まいにちよくはたらいて、いい人ひとになります。」"What will you become from now on?" "I will work hard every day and become a good person."

おじいさんは「山やまの南みなみにわたしのいえがあります。そのいえをあなたにあげます。今いま、いえのそばにもものはながたくさんさいていますよ。」といって、行いきました。The old man said, "I have a house on the south side of a mountain. I will give that house to you. Right now, a great many peach blossoms are blooming beside it," and then he went away.

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
もんもんgate (of a city or building)dictionary form: 門Old cities had large gates in their walls; here it is the city's west gate.N5
ねるねるto sleepdictionary form: 寝るねるところ = a place to sleep. A verb in plain form can describe a noun directly.N5
つかいましたつかうto use; to spend (money)dictionary form: 使うお金をつかう = to spend money.N5
いりませんいるto needdictionary form: 要るNot the same as いる 'to be'. 〜はいりません = 'I don't need ~.'N5
せんにんせんにんhermit with magic powers; immortal sagedictionary form: 仙人A wise person from Chinese legend who lives in the mountains and can fly.—
とんでとぶto flydictionary form: 飛ぶそらをとぶ = to fly through the sky; を marks the space you move through.N5
こえこえvoice; sound made by a person or animaldictionary form: 声こえを出す = to make a sound, to speak out. 大きなこえで = in a loud voice.N5
じごくじごくHelldictionary form: 地獄The opposite is 天国 (てんごく, Heaven).N1
おにたちおにdemon; ogredictionary form: 鬼たち makes a plural for people and creatures: おにたち = the demons.N3
うまうまhorsedictionary form: 馬N3
はたらいてはたらくto workdictionary form: 働くよくはたらく = to work hard.N5
さいてさく(of flowers) to bloomdictionary form: 咲くはながさいています = the flowers are in bloom.N5

Grammar

〜と (when…) N4 when / upon doing ~

Plain form of a verb + と connects two events: when the first happens, the second follows or is discovered. Here, looking there leads to finding the money.

よるにそこを見ると、お金がたくさんありました。

When he looked there that night, he found a great deal of money.

〜ないでください N5 please don't ~

The ない-form of a verb + でください makes a polite request not to do something. 出さない + でください = please don't let out (a voice).

こえを出さないでください。

Please do not make a sound.

〜になる N5 to become ~

A noun + になる means 'to become' that thing. With てください it becomes a polite request: 'please become ~'.

わたしの先生になってください。

Please become my teacher.

〜ても N4 even if ~; no matter ~

The て-form + も means 'even if'. With a question word like 何, it means 'no matter what': 何が来ても = whatever comes.

何が来ても、こえを出さないでください。

Whatever comes, please do not make a sound.

〜なら N4 if ~; as long as ~

なら after a noun or な-adjective sets a condition. The mother says that if her son is well, nothing else matters.

あなたがげんきなら、それでいいです。

As long as you are well, that is enough.

〜くて (reason) N4 because it is ~, (so) …

An い-adjective changes い to くて to link to the next part, often giving the reason. いたい → いたくて: because it hurt, the horses cried.

うまはいたくて、なきました。

The horses cried out in pain.