N4 · easySimplified retelling · JLPT N4
よだかの星 Yodaka no Hoshi in easy Japanese (N4)
This is our own simplified retelling of How the Nighthawk Became a Star, written for N4 learners and checked word by word against the N4 vocabulary list. A few story words and grammar patterns go beyond N4; the notes below give each one's level. It keeps the characters, events and ending of the original. When it feels easy, move on to the N3 version or the original text.
The story in brief
The nighthawk is an ugly bird that the other birds mock, and the hawk orders it to change its name to Ichizō or be killed. Heartbroken, it says goodbye to its brother the kingfisher and asks the sun to take it. The sun sends it to the stars, and the stars turn it away. It climbs on and on into the sky until it loses all sense of direction, and it becomes a quietly burning blue star that still shines today.
AI translation · independently checked
よだかは、とてもみにくい鳥です。The nighthawk was a very ugly bird.
かおには、みそをつけたような色があります。Its face had a colour as if miso had been smeared on it.
くちばしは大きくて、みみの近くまであります。Its beak was large and reached almost to its ears.
足はよわくて、ほとんど歩けません。Its legs were weak, and it could hardly walk at all.
ほかの鳥は、よだかを見ると、いやなかおをしました。Whenever the other birds saw the nighthawk, they made a sour face.
小さい鳥たちは「また来たよ。あの口を見て。」と、悪いことを言いました。The little birds said nasty things like, "Here it comes again. Look at that mouth."
よだかは、たかの兄弟ではありません。The nighthawk was not a brother of the hawk.
ほんとうは、きれいなかわせみと、はちすずめのお兄さんです。In truth, it was the elder brother of the beautiful kingfisher and the hummingbird.
でも、空をとぶ時、とても強くて、たかのように見えます。But when it flew through the sky, it was very strong and looked like a hawk.
こえも、たかに少しにています。Its voice was a little like a hawk's, too.
だから、よだかという名前になりました。That was how it came to be called the nighthawk.
たかは、それがとてもきらいでした。The hawk hated this very much.
ある夕方、たかがよだかの家へ来て言いました。One evening, the hawk came to the nighthawk's home and said:
「おい、早く名前をかえろ。新しい名前はいちぞうだ。くびに『いちぞう』と書いたふだをかけろ。そして、みんなの家をまわって、おじぎをしろ。あさっての朝までにしなかったら、お前をころすぞ。」"Hey, change your name, and be quick about it. Your new name is Ichizō. Hang a tag around your neck with 'Ichizō' written on it. Then go round to everyone's home and bow. If you haven't done it by the morning after tomorrow, I'll kill you."
「そんなことはできません。」とよだかは言いました。"I can't do such a thing," said the nighthawk.
でも、たかはとんで帰って行きました。But the hawk flew off home.
よだかは目をつぶって考えました。The nighthawk closed its eyes and thought.
「どうして、ぼくはみんなにきらわれるのだろう。ぼくは何も悪いことをしていない。めじろの赤ちゃんが木からおちた時、お母さんのところへつれて行ってあげた。でも、めじろはぼくをわらったなあ。」"Why does everyone hate me? I haven't done anything wrong. When the white-eye's baby fell out of the tree, I carried it back to its mother. But the white-eye just laughed at me."
夜になりました。Night came.
とおくの山では、火が赤くもえています。On the faraway mountains, fires were burning red.
よだかは空をとびながら、口を開けて、小さなむしを食べました。As the nighthawk flew through the sky, it opened its mouth and ate small insects.
大きなむしが一つ、のどに入って、動きました。One big insect went into its throat and wriggled.
よだかはそれを飲みこみました。The nighthawk swallowed it.
すると、急に心がいたくなって、大きなこえでなき出しました。Then suddenly its heart ached, and it began to cry out in a loud voice.
「ぼくは毎ばん、たくさんのむしをころしている。そして今度は、ぼくがたかにころされる。ああ、かなしい。もうむしは食べない。とおい空のむこうへ行こう。」"Every night I kill so many insects. And now, this time, I'm going to be killed by the hawk. Oh, how sad it is. I won't eat insects any more. I'll go far away, beyond the sky."
よだかは弟のかわせみのところへ行きました。The nighthawk went to see its younger brother, the kingfisher.
「ぼくはとおいところへ行くよ。お前も、ひつようがない時は、魚をとらないでね。はちすずめにも、よろしく。さようなら。」"I'm going far away. You too, please don't catch fish when you don't need to. Give my best to the hummingbird. Goodbye."
かわせみは「兄さん、行かないでください。」と言いました。"Brother, please don't go," said the kingfisher.
でも、よだかはないて家へ帰りました。But the nighthawk went home, crying.
朝になりました。Morning came.
よだかは家をきれいにかたづけて、お日さまの方へとんで行きました。The nighthawk tidied its home neatly and flew off toward the sun.
「お日さま、私をあなたのところへつれて行ってください。やけて死んでもかまいません。」"Sun, please take me to where you are. I don't mind if I burn up and die."
お日さまは言いました。The sun said:
「お前は夜の鳥だ。今夜、ほしにたのんでごらん。」"You are a bird of the night. Try asking the stars tonight."
よだかはくさの上におちて、ゆめを見ているようでした。The nighthawk fell down onto the grass, and it seemed as if it were dreaming.
夜になって、よだかは目を開けました。When night came, the nighthawk opened its eyes.
空には、ほしがたくさんひかっていました。The sky was full of shining stars.
よだかは西のほしの方へとんで、たのみました。The nighthawk flew toward the stars in the west and made its request.
でも、ほしはよだかを見ませんでした。But the stars did not look at the nighthawk.
南のほしは「お前はただの鳥だ。ここまで来られない。」と言いました。The stars in the south said, "You're just a bird. You can't come all the way up here."
北のほしは「つめたい水に入って、よく考えなさい。」と言いました。The stars in the north said, "Go into some cold water and think it over carefully."
東のほしは「ほしになるには、お金もいるのだ。」と言いました。The star in the east said, "To become a star, you need money, too."
よだかは力がなくなって、下へおちて行きました。The nighthawk's strength gave out, and it began to fall downward.
でも、くさにつく前に、急に空へとび上がりました。But before it reached the grass, it suddenly shot up into the sky.
そして、たかのような高いこえでなきました。And it cried out in a high voice, like a hawk.
ほかの鳥たちはみんな起きて、こわそうに空を見ました。All the other birds woke up and looked up at the sky, frightened.
よだかは、どこまでもまっすぐ上へのぼって行きました。The nighthawk climbed straight up, on and on without end.
とてもさむくて、空気もうすくなりました。It grew very cold, and the air grew thin.
でも、ほしは少しも近くなりません。But the stars did not come even a little closer.
よだかは、もう上も下もわかりませんでした。The nighthawk could no longer tell up from down.
でも、心はしずかで、その口は少しわらっていました。Yet its heart was calm, and its beak was smiling a little.
しばらくして、よだかは目を開けました。After a while, the nighthawk opened its eyes.
よだかの体は、青くてうつくしいひかりになって、しずかにもえていました。Its body had become a beautiful blue light, and it was burning quietly.
よだかは、ほしになったのです。The nighthawk had become a star.
よだかのほしは、今でもまだもえています。The nighthawk's star is still burning, even now.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning | JLPT |
|---|---|---|
| よだかよだか | nighthawk (a bird of the nightjar family)The name contains たか ('hawk'), which is why the hawk is angry and wants it changed. | — |
| みにくいみにくい | uglydictionary form: 醜いDo not confuse with 見にくい ('hard to see'), which is pronounced the same. | N2 |
| くちばしくちばし | beak, billdictionary form: 嘴 | N1 |
| にていますにる | to resemble, be likedictionary form: 似るUsually used as 〜に似ている for describing a state. | N4 |
| ふだふだ | tag, label, carddictionary form: 札Here, a name tag worn round the neck. | N3 |
| おじぎおじぎ | a bowdictionary form: お辞儀おじぎをする = to bow (in greeting or apology). | N2 |
| ころすころす | to killdictionary form: 殺すA key story word; the passive ころされる ('be killed') appears later. | N3 |
| 目をつぶってめをつぶる | to close one's eyesdictionary form: 目をつぶる | — |
| 飲みこみましたのみこむ | to swallow (down)dictionary form: 飲み込む飲む + 込む ('into'): to swallow something whole. | N1 |
| かたづけてかたづける | to tidy up, put in orderdictionary form: 片付ける | N4 |
| たのんでたのむ | to ask (a favour), requestdictionary form: 頼む | N5 |
| うすくうすい | thin (of air)dictionary form: 薄いAlso means 'light' for colours and 'weak' for drinks. | N5 |
| もえてもえる | to burndictionary form: 燃えるIntransitive: something burns by itself. 燃やす = to burn something. | N3 |
Grammar
Passive 〜られる / 〜れる N4 to be (done to)
The passive shows that the subject suffers an action. きらわれる comes from きらう and means 'to be hated'; later ころされる means 'to be killed'.
どうして、ぼくはみんなにきらわれるのだろう。
Why does everyone hate me? (lit. Why am I hated by everyone?)
〜のように / 〜ような N4 like ~, as if ~
Noun + のように compares something to something else. Before a noun it becomes のような, as in たかのような高いこえ ('a high voice like a hawk's').
とても強くて、たかのように見えます。
It was very strong and looked like a hawk.
〜てあげる N4 to do something for someone
Te-form + あげる shows a favour done for someone else. Here the nighthawk remembers the kind thing it did for the baby white-eye.
お母さんのところへつれて行ってあげた。
I carried it back to its mother.
Verb stem + 出す N4 to begin to ~ (suddenly)
Adding 出す to a verb stem shows that an action starts suddenly or strongly. なき出す means 'to burst out crying'.
大きなこえでなき出しました。
It began to cry out in a loud voice.
〜てもかまいません N4 it doesn't matter if ~, I don't mind if ~
Te-form + もかまいません says that the speaker accepts a result. The nighthawk is ready to accept even death.
やけて死んでもかまいません。
I don't mind if I burn up and die.
〜てごらん N3 try doing ~
Te-form + ごらん is a gentle, familiar command meaning 'try doing ~'. It comes from ご覧 (ご覧なさい / ご覧になる) and works as the imperative counterpart of 〜てみる. An older or higher person uses it to a younger or lower one, such as a parent to a child. It is not a polite form for speaking up to someone. (example: 今夜、ほしにたのんでごらん。)
今夜、ほしにたのんでごらん。
Try asking the stars tonight.