Cover of よだかの星 (Yodaka no Hoshi)

Part 1 of 4 · JLPT N2

よだかの星 Yodaka no Hoshi, part 1: An Ugly Bird with a Borrowed Name

by Miyazawa Kenji · 1,433 characters · from How the Nighthawk Became a Star

In this part

The nighthawk is so ugly that the other birds sneer at it, although it is harmless and is actually the elder brother of the kingfisher and the hummingbird. Because the nighthawk's name contains the word 'hawk', the real hawk is furious. He visits the nighthawk and orders it to change its name to Ichizō and announce this to every bird, or be killed within two days.

AI translation · independently checked

よだかは、実じつにみにくい鳥とりです。The nighthawk was a truly ugly bird.

顔かおは、ところどころ、味噌みそをつけたようにまだらで、くちばしは、ひらたくて、耳みみまでさけています。Its face was blotchy in places, as if someone had smeared it with miso, and its beak was flat and split open all the way to its ears.

足あしは、まるでよぼよぼで、一間いっけんとも歩あるけません。Its legs were feeble and tottering, and it could not walk even six feet.

ほかの鳥とりは、もう、よだかの顔かおを見みただけでも、いやになってしまうという工合ぐあいでした。Things had reached the point where the other birds grew disgusted just from seeing the nighthawk's face.

たとえば、ひばりも、あまり美うつくしい鳥とりではありませんが、よだかよりは、ずっと上うえだと思おもっていましたので、夕方ゆうがたなど、よだかにあうと、さもさもいやそうに、しんねりと目めをつぶりながら、首くびをそっ方ぽへ向むけるのでした。The lark, for example, was not a very beautiful bird either, but it thought itself far above the nighthawk, so whenever it met the nighthawk, say in the evening, it would shut its eyes in a sulky way, with a great show of distaste, and turn its head aside.

もっとちいさなおしゃべりの鳥とりなどは、いつでもよだかのまっこうから悪口わるぐちをしました。And smaller, chattering birds always spoke ill of the nighthawk right to its face.

「ヘン。又また出でて来きたね。まあ、あのざまをごらん。ほんとうに、鳥とりの仲間なかまのつらよごしだよ。」"Hmph. There it is again. Well, just look at the state of it. It really is a disgrace to all of us birds."

「ね、まあ、あのくちのおおきいことさ。きっと、かえるの親類しんるいか何なんかなんだよ。」"Yes, and just look at the size of that mouth! It must be some relative of the frogs or something."

こんな調子ちょうしです。That was how they talked.

おお、よだかでないただのたかならば、こんな生なまはんかのちいさい鳥とりは、もう名前なまえを聞きいただけでも、ぶるぶるふるえて、顔色かおいろを変かえて、からだをちぢめて、木この葉はのかげにでもかくれたでしょう。Oh, if it had been an ordinary hawk and not a nighthawk, such half-baked little birds would have trembled and turned pale at the mere sound of its name, and shrunk themselves small, and hidden in the shadows of the leaves.

ところが夜よだかは、ほんとうは鷹たかの兄弟きょうだいでも親類しんるいでもありませんでした。But in truth the nighthawk was neither a brother nor a relative of the hawk.

かえって、よだかは、あの美うつくしいかわせみや、鳥とりの中なかの宝石ほうせきのような蜂はちすずめの兄にいさんでした。On the contrary, the nighthawk was the elder brother of the beautiful kingfisher and of the hummingbird, which is like a jewel among birds.

蜂はちすずめは花はなの蜜みつをたべ、かわせみはお魚さかなを食たべ、夜よだかは羽虫はむしをとってたべるのでした。The hummingbird ate the nectar of flowers, the kingfisher ate fish, and the nighthawk caught and ate flying insects.

それによだかには、するどい爪つめもするどいくちばしもありませんでしたから、どんなに弱よわい鳥とりでも、よだかをこわがる筈はずはなかったのです。Besides, the nighthawk had neither sharp claws nor a sharp beak, so there was no reason for any bird, however weak, to be afraid of it.

それなら、たかという名なのついたことは不思議ふしぎなようですが、これは、一ひとつはよだかのはねが無暗むやみに強つよくて、風かぜを切きって翔かけるときなどは、まるで鷹たかのように見みえたことと、も一ひとつはなきごえがするどくて、やはりどこか鷹たかに似にていた為ためです。It may seem strange, then, that it was given a name with 'hawk' in it, but this was, for one thing, because the nighthawk's wings were extraordinarily strong, so that when it flew cutting through the wind it looked just like a hawk, and, for another, because its cry was sharp and also somehow resembled a hawk's.

もちろん、鷹たかは、これをひじょうに気きにかけて、いやがっていました。Naturally, the hawk minded this very much and hated it.

それですから、よだかの顔かおさえ見みると、肩かたをいからせて、早はやく名前なまえをあらためろ、名前なまえをあらためろと、いうのでした。And so, whenever he so much as saw the nighthawk's face, he would square his shoulders and say, "Change your name at once, change your name!"

ある夕方ゆうがた、とうとう、鷹たかがよだかのうちへやって参まいりました。One evening the hawk finally came to the nighthawk's home.

「おい。居いるかい。まだお前まえは名前なまえをかえないのか。ずいぶんお前まえも恥はじ知しらずだな。お前まえとおれでは、よっぽど人格じんかくがちがうんだよ。たとえばおれは、青あおいそらをどこまででも飛とんで行いく。おまえは、曇くもってうすぐらい日ひか、夜よるでなくちゃ、出でて来こない。それから、おれのくちばしやつめを見みろ。そして、よくお前まえのとくらべて見みるがいい。」"Hey. Are you in? Haven't you changed your name yet? You really have no shame. You and I are of completely different character, you know. For example, I fly as far as I like across the blue sky. You don't come out except on cloudy, gloomy days or at night. And look at my beak and my claws. Then take a good look and compare them with yours."

「鷹たかさん。それはあんまり無理むりです。私わたくしの名前なまえは私わたくしが勝手かってにつけたのではありません。神かみさまから下くださったのです。」"Mr. Hawk, that is too unreasonable. I did not give myself my name as I pleased. It was given to me by God."

「いいや。おれの名ななら、神かみさまから貰もらったのだと云いってもよかろうが、お前まえのは、云いわば、おれと夜よると、両方りょうほうから借かりてあるんだ。さあ返かえせ。」"No. With my name, you might say I got it from God, but yours is borrowed, so to speak, from both me and the night. Come on, give it back."

「鷹たかさん。それは無理むりです。」"Mr. Hawk, that is unreasonable."

「無理むりじゃない。おれがいい名なを教おしえてやろう。市蔵いちぞうというんだ。市蔵いちぞうとな。いい名なだろう。そこで、名前なまえを変かえるには、改名かいめいの披露ひろうというものをしないといけない。いいか。それはな、首くびへ市いち蔵ぞうと書かいたふだをぶらさげて、私わたくしは以来いらい市し蔵ぞうと申もうしますと、口上こうじょうを云いって、みんなの所ところをおじぎしてまわるのだ。」"It's not unreasonable. I'll give you a good name. It's Ichizō. Ichizō, got it? A fine name, isn't it? Now, to change your name you have to hold what they call a name-change announcement. Listen. You hang a tag around your neck with 'Ichizō' written on it, and you go round to everyone, bowing and making a formal speech: 'From now on I shall be called Ichizō.'"

「そんなことはとても出来できません。」"I could never do such a thing."

「いいや。出来できる。そうしろ。もしあさっての朝あさまでに、お前まえがそうしなかったら、もうすぐ、つかみ殺ころすぞ。つかみ殺ころしてしまうから、そう思おもえ。おれはあさっての朝あさ早はやく、鳥とりのうちを一軒いっけんずつまわって、お前まえが来きたかどうかを聞きいてあるく。一いち軒けんでも来こなかったという家いえがあったら、もう貴様きさまもその時ときがおしまいだぞ。」"Oh yes, you can. Do it. If you haven't done it by the morning after tomorrow, I'll seize you and kill you on the spot. I'll grab you and kill you, so be warned. Early that morning I'll go round the birds' homes one by one and ask whether you came. If there's even one house that says you didn't come, that will be the end of you."

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
みにくいみにくいuglydictionary form: 醜いThe name よだか (night + hawk) contains たか 'hawk', which is the basis of the hawk's complaint.N2
まだらまだらblotchy, mottled, spotteddictionary form: 斑Usually written in kana.N1
よぼよぼよぼよぼfeeble, totteringMimetic word usually used of frail old people.—
一間いっけんone ken (about 1.8 m, six feet)Old unit of length. Read ひとま it means 'one room'.—
工合ぐあいstate of affairs, the way things weredictionary form: 具合Old spelling of 具合.N4
そっ方そっぽthe other way, asidedictionary form: そっぽMostly heard in そっぽを向く 'to turn away, ignore'.N1
つらよごしつらよごしa disgrace, a shame (to one's group)dictionary form: 面汚しつら is a rough word for 'face'.—
生はんかなまはんかhalf-baked, insignificant, second-ratedictionary form: 生半可—
無暗にむやみexcessively, extraordinarilydictionary form: 無闇Now usually written 無闇に or むやみに; often 'recklessly'.—
気にかけてきにかけるto mind, to be bothered bydictionary form: 気にかける—
恥知らずはじしらずshameless (person)—
改名かいめいchange of name—
口上こうじょうformal spoken announcement, set speech—
貴様きさまyou (very rude, hostile)Originally respectful, but now an insulting way to say 'you'.—

Grammar

〜ただけ(でも) N3 just by / merely from doing

Past form + だけでも means that even this small action alone is enough to cause the result. Here, just seeing the face is enough to make the birds feel disgust.

よだかの顔を見ただけでも、いやになってしまう

grew disgusted just from seeing the nighthawk's face

〜筈はない N3 there is no reason that…, cannot possibly

はずはない denies that something could reasonably be true. Since the nighthawk has no weapons, no bird has any reason to fear it.

どんなに弱い鳥でも、よだかをこわがる筈はなかったのです

there was no reason for any bird, however weak, to be afraid of it

〜なくちゃ N4 unless / if not

Casual contraction of なくては. With a negative verb after it, it means 'does not … unless': the nighthawk only comes out on dark days or at night.

曇ってうすぐらい日か、夜でなくちゃ、出て来ない

You don't come out except on cloudy, gloomy days or at night

〜るがいい N2 go ahead and…, you'd better…

Dictionary form + がいい is a rather haughty way of telling someone to do something. It fits the hawk's bullying tone.

よくお前のとくらべて見るがいい

take a good look and compare them with yours

〜ぞ N4 sentence-final emphasis, often a threat

ぞ is a strong, masculine sentence ending used to insist on or warn about something. The hawk uses it for his threat to kill.

もうすぐ、つかみ殺すぞ

I'll seize you and kill you on the spot