
Part 1 of 4 · JLPT N2
よだかの星 Yodaka no Hoshi, part 1: An Ugly Bird with a Borrowed Name
In this part
The nighthawk is so ugly that the other birds sneer at it, although it is harmless and is actually the elder brother of the kingfisher and the hummingbird. Because the nighthawk's name contains the word 'hawk', the real hawk is furious. He visits the nighthawk and orders it to change its name to Ichizō and announce this to every bird, or be killed within two days.
AI translation · independently checked
よだかは、実にみにくい鳥です。The nighthawk was a truly ugly bird.
顔は、ところどころ、味噌をつけたようにまだらで、くちばしは、ひらたくて、耳までさけています。Its face was blotchy in places, as if someone had smeared it with miso, and its beak was flat and split open all the way to its ears.
足は、まるでよぼよぼで、一間とも歩けません。Its legs were feeble and tottering, and it could not walk even six feet.
ほかの鳥は、もう、よだかの顔を見ただけでも、いやになってしまうという工合でした。Things had reached the point where the other birds grew disgusted just from seeing the nighthawk's face.
たとえば、ひばりも、あまり美しい鳥ではありませんが、よだかよりは、ずっと上だと思っていましたので、夕方など、よだかにあうと、さもさもいやそうに、しんねりと目をつぶりながら、首をそっ方へ向けるのでした。The lark, for example, was not a very beautiful bird either, but it thought itself far above the nighthawk, so whenever it met the nighthawk, say in the evening, it would shut its eyes in a sulky way, with a great show of distaste, and turn its head aside.
もっとちいさなおしゃべりの鳥などは、いつでもよだかのまっこうから悪口をしました。And smaller, chattering birds always spoke ill of the nighthawk right to its face.
「ヘン。又出て来たね。まあ、あのざまをごらん。ほんとうに、鳥の仲間のつらよごしだよ。」"Hmph. There it is again. Well, just look at the state of it. It really is a disgrace to all of us birds."
「ね、まあ、あのくちのおおきいことさ。きっと、かえるの親類か何かなんだよ。」"Yes, and just look at the size of that mouth! It must be some relative of the frogs or something."
こんな調子です。That was how they talked.
おお、よだかでないただのたかならば、こんな生はんかのちいさい鳥は、もう名前を聞いただけでも、ぶるぶるふるえて、顔色を変えて、からだをちぢめて、木の葉のかげにでもかくれたでしょう。Oh, if it had been an ordinary hawk and not a nighthawk, such half-baked little birds would have trembled and turned pale at the mere sound of its name, and shrunk themselves small, and hidden in the shadows of the leaves.
ところが夜だかは、ほんとうは鷹の兄弟でも親類でもありませんでした。But in truth the nighthawk was neither a brother nor a relative of the hawk.
かえって、よだかは、あの美しいかわせみや、鳥の中の宝石のような蜂すずめの兄さんでした。On the contrary, the nighthawk was the elder brother of the beautiful kingfisher and of the hummingbird, which is like a jewel among birds.
蜂すずめは花の蜜をたべ、かわせみはお魚を食べ、夜だかは羽虫をとってたべるのでした。The hummingbird ate the nectar of flowers, the kingfisher ate fish, and the nighthawk caught and ate flying insects.
それによだかには、するどい爪もするどいくちばしもありませんでしたから、どんなに弱い鳥でも、よだかをこわがる筈はなかったのです。Besides, the nighthawk had neither sharp claws nor a sharp beak, so there was no reason for any bird, however weak, to be afraid of it.
それなら、たかという名のついたことは不思議なようですが、これは、一つはよだかのはねが無暗に強くて、風を切って翔けるときなどは、まるで鷹のように見えたことと、も一つはなきごえがするどくて、やはりどこか鷹に似ていた為です。It may seem strange, then, that it was given a name with 'hawk' in it, but this was, for one thing, because the nighthawk's wings were extraordinarily strong, so that when it flew cutting through the wind it looked just like a hawk, and, for another, because its cry was sharp and also somehow resembled a hawk's.
もちろん、鷹は、これをひじょうに気にかけて、いやがっていました。Naturally, the hawk minded this very much and hated it.
それですから、よだかの顔さえ見ると、肩をいからせて、早く名前をあらためろ、名前をあらためろと、いうのでした。And so, whenever he so much as saw the nighthawk's face, he would square his shoulders and say, "Change your name at once, change your name!"
ある夕方、とうとう、鷹がよだかのうちへやって参りました。One evening the hawk finally came to the nighthawk's home.
「おい。居るかい。まだお前は名前をかえないのか。ずいぶんお前も恥知らずだな。お前とおれでは、よっぽど人格がちがうんだよ。たとえばおれは、青いそらをどこまででも飛んで行く。おまえは、曇ってうすぐらい日か、夜でなくちゃ、出て来ない。それから、おれのくちばしやつめを見ろ。そして、よくお前のとくらべて見るがいい。」"Hey. Are you in? Haven't you changed your name yet? You really have no shame. You and I are of completely different character, you know. For example, I fly as far as I like across the blue sky. You don't come out except on cloudy, gloomy days or at night. And look at my beak and my claws. Then take a good look and compare them with yours."
「鷹さん。それはあんまり無理です。私の名前は私が勝手につけたのではありません。神さまから下さったのです。」"Mr. Hawk, that is too unreasonable. I did not give myself my name as I pleased. It was given to me by God."
「いいや。おれの名なら、神さまから貰ったのだと云ってもよかろうが、お前のは、云わば、おれと夜と、両方から借りてあるんだ。さあ返せ。」"No. With my name, you might say I got it from God, but yours is borrowed, so to speak, from both me and the night. Come on, give it back."
「鷹さん。それは無理です。」"Mr. Hawk, that is unreasonable."
「無理じゃない。おれがいい名を教えてやろう。市蔵というんだ。市蔵とな。いい名だろう。そこで、名前を変えるには、改名の披露というものをしないといけない。いいか。それはな、首へ市蔵と書いたふだをぶらさげて、私は以来市蔵と申しますと、口上を云って、みんなの所をおじぎしてまわるのだ。」"It's not unreasonable. I'll give you a good name. It's Ichizō. Ichizō, got it? A fine name, isn't it? Now, to change your name you have to hold what they call a name-change announcement. Listen. You hang a tag around your neck with 'Ichizō' written on it, and you go round to everyone, bowing and making a formal speech: 'From now on I shall be called Ichizō.'"
「そんなことはとても出来ません。」"I could never do such a thing."
「いいや。出来る。そうしろ。もしあさっての朝までに、お前がそうしなかったら、もうすぐ、つかみ殺すぞ。つかみ殺してしまうから、そう思え。おれはあさっての朝早く、鳥のうちを一軒ずつまわって、お前が来たかどうかを聞いてあるく。一軒でも来なかったという家があったら、もう貴様もその時がおしまいだぞ。」"Oh yes, you can. Do it. If you haven't done it by the morning after tomorrow, I'll seize you and kill you on the spot. I'll grab you and kill you, so be warned. Early that morning I'll go round the birds' homes one by one and ask whether you came. If there's even one house that says you didn't come, that will be the end of you."
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning | JLPT |
|---|---|---|
| みにくいみにくい | uglydictionary form: 醜いThe name よだか (night + hawk) contains たか 'hawk', which is the basis of the hawk's complaint. | N2 |
| まだらまだら | blotchy, mottled, spotteddictionary form: 斑Usually written in kana. | N1 |
| よぼよぼよぼよぼ | feeble, totteringMimetic word usually used of frail old people. | — |
| 一間いっけん | one ken (about 1.8 m, six feet)Old unit of length. Read ひとま it means 'one room'. | — |
| 工合ぐあい | state of affairs, the way things weredictionary form: 具合Old spelling of 具合. | N4 |
| そっ方そっぽ | the other way, asidedictionary form: そっぽMostly heard in そっぽを向く 'to turn away, ignore'. | N1 |
| つらよごしつらよごし | a disgrace, a shame (to one's group)dictionary form: 面汚しつら is a rough word for 'face'. | — |
| 生はんかなまはんか | half-baked, insignificant, second-ratedictionary form: 生半可 | — |
| 無暗にむやみ | excessively, extraordinarilydictionary form: 無闇Now usually written 無闇に or むやみに; often 'recklessly'. | — |
| 気にかけてきにかける | to mind, to be bothered bydictionary form: 気にかける | — |
| 恥知らずはじしらず | shameless (person) | — |
| 改名かいめい | change of name | — |
| 口上こうじょう | formal spoken announcement, set speech | — |
| 貴様きさま | you (very rude, hostile)Originally respectful, but now an insulting way to say 'you'. | — |
Grammar
〜ただけ(でも) N3 just by / merely from doing
Past form + だけでも means that even this small action alone is enough to cause the result. Here, just seeing the face is enough to make the birds feel disgust.
よだかの顔を見ただけでも、いやになってしまう
grew disgusted just from seeing the nighthawk's face
〜筈はない N3 there is no reason that…, cannot possibly
はずはない denies that something could reasonably be true. Since the nighthawk has no weapons, no bird has any reason to fear it.
どんなに弱い鳥でも、よだかをこわがる筈はなかったのです
there was no reason for any bird, however weak, to be afraid of it
〜なくちゃ N4 unless / if not
Casual contraction of なくては. With a negative verb after it, it means 'does not … unless': the nighthawk only comes out on dark days or at night.
曇ってうすぐらい日か、夜でなくちゃ、出て来ない
You don't come out except on cloudy, gloomy days or at night
〜るがいい N2 go ahead and…, you'd better…
Dictionary form + がいい is a rather haughty way of telling someone to do something. It fits the hawk's bullying tone.
よくお前のとくらべて見るがいい
take a good look and compare them with yours
〜ぞ N4 sentence-final emphasis, often a threat
ぞ is a strong, masculine sentence ending used to insist on or warn about something. The hawk uses it for his threat to kill.
もうすぐ、つかみ殺すぞ
I'll seize you and kill you on the spot