Cover of 鼻 (Hana)

Part 4 of 4 · JLPT N2

鼻 Hana, part 4: The Long Nose Returns

by Akutagawa Ryūnosuke · 1,424 characters · from The Priest's Nose

In this part

The Naigu feels that the people of Ike-no-o laugh at his shortened nose more openly than they did before, and the narrator explains this as the bystander's egoism: people sympathise with another's misfortune but feel let down when that person escapes it. Embittered, the Naigu grows short-tempered and even strikes the temple boy. One cold autumn night the nose swells and itches, and by morning it has grown back to its old length. He feels light-hearted, sure that no one will laugh at him now.

AI translation · independently checked

――前まえにはあのようにつけつけとは哂わらわなんだて。They never used to laugh at me so bluntly before.

内供ないぐは、誦ずしかけた経文きょうもんをやめて、禿はげ頭あたまを傾かたむけながら、時々ときどきこう呟つぶやく事ことがあった。Now and then the Naigu would break off a sutra he had begun to chant, tilt his bald head, and murmur these words.

愛あいすべき内供ないぐは、そう云いう時ときになると、必かならずぼんやり、傍かたわらにかけた普賢ふげんの画像がぞうを眺ながめながら、鼻はなの長ながかった四五日しごにち前まえの事ことを憶おもい出だして、「今いまはむげにいやしくなりさがれる人ひとの、さかえたる昔むかしをしのぶがごとく」ふさぎこんでしまうのである。At such times our lovable Naigu would always gaze vacantly at the picture of Fugen hanging beside him and recall the time, only four or five days earlier, when his nose had been long; and he would sink into gloom, "like one now fallen utterly low who pines for the glories of former days."

――内供ないぐには、遺憾いかんながらこの問といに答こたえを与あたえる明めいが欠かけていた。The Naigu, regrettably, lacked the insight to answer this question.

――人間にんげんの心こころには互たがいに矛盾むじゅんした二ふたつの感情かんじょうがある。In the human heart there are two feelings that contradict each other.

勿論もちろん、誰だれでも他人たにんの不幸ふこうに同情どうじょうしない者ものはない。Of course, there is no one who does not feel sympathy for another's misfortune.

所ところがその人ひとがその不幸ふこうを、どうにかして切きりぬける事ことが出来できると、今度こんどはこっちで何なんとなく物もの足たりないような心こころもちがする。Yet once that person somehow manages to overcome the misfortune, we in our turn feel vaguely dissatisfied.

少すこし誇張こちょうして云いえば、もう一度いちどその人ひとを、同おなじ不幸ふこうに陥おとしいれて見みたいような気きにさえなる。To put it with a little exaggeration, we even find ourselves wanting to see that person plunged into the same misfortune once more.

そうしていつの間まにか、消極的しょうきょくてきではあるが、ある敵意てきいをその人ひとに対たいして抱いだくような事ことになる。And before we know it, we come to harbour a certain hostility toward that person, passive though it may be.

――内供ないぐが、理由りゆうを知しらないながらも、何なんとなく不快ふかいに思おもったのは、池いけの尾おの僧俗そうぞくの態度たいどに、この傍観者ぼうかんしゃの利己りこ主義しゅぎをそれとなく感かんづいたからにほかならない。The Naigu's vague displeasure, though he did not know the reason for it, came from nothing other than having dimly sensed this bystander's egoism in the attitude of the priests and lay people of Ike-no-o.

そこで内供ないぐは日ひ毎ごとに機嫌きげんが悪わるくなった。And so the Naigu's temper grew worse by the day.

二言目ふたことめには、誰だれでも意地いじ悪わるく叱しかりつける。He would scold anyone spitefully at the slightest excuse.

しまいには鼻はなの療治りょうじをしたあの弟子でしの僧そうでさえ、「内供ないぐは法慳貪ほうけんどんの罪つみを受うけられるぞ」と陰口かげぐちをきくほどになった。In the end even the disciple who had treated his nose began to mutter behind his back, "The Naigu will surely be punished for the sin of begrudging the Law."

殊ことに内供ないぐを怒おこらせたのは、例れいの悪戯いたずらな中ちゅう童子どうじである。The one who angered the Naigu most was that mischievous temple boy.

ある日ひ、けたたましく犬いぬの吠ほえる声こえがするので、内供ないぐが何気なにげなく外そとへ出でて見みると、中ちゅう童子どうじは、二に尺しゃくばかりの木きの片きれをふりまわして、毛けの長ながい、痩やせた尨犬むくいぬを逐おいまわしている。One day, hearing a dog barking shrilly, the Naigu idly stepped outside and saw the temple boy swinging a piece of wood about two feet long and chasing a thin, long-haired shaggy dog.

それもただ、逐おいまわしているのではない。Nor was he simply chasing it.

「鼻はなを打うたれまい。それ、鼻はなを打うたれまい」と囃はやしながら、逐おいまわしているのである。He was chasing it while chanting, "Mind your nose doesn't get hit! There now, mind your nose doesn't get hit!"

内供ないぐは、中ちゅう童子どうじの手てからその木きの片きれをひったくって、したたかその顔かおを打うった。The Naigu snatched the piece of wood out of the boy's hand and struck him hard across the face with it.

木きの片きれは以前いぜんの鼻持上はなもたげの木きだったのである。The piece of wood was the very board that had once been used to lift his nose.

内供ないぐはなまじいに、鼻はなの短みじかくなったのが、かえって恨うらめしくなった。The Naigu now came, if anything, to resent that he had needlessly had his nose shortened.

するとある夜よるの事ことである。Then one night it happened.

日ひが暮くれてから急きゅうに風かぜが出でたと見みえて、塔とうの風鐸ふうたくの鳴なる音おとが、うるさいほど枕まくらに通かよって来きた。It seemed a wind had suddenly risen after dark, for the ringing of the bells on the pagoda carried to his pillow so loudly it was a nuisance.

その上うえ、寒さむさもめっきり加くわわったので、老年ろうねんの内供ないぐは寝ねつこうとしても寝ねつかれない。What was more, the cold had grown noticeably sharper, and the aged Naigu could not fall asleep however he tried.

そこで床とこの中なかでまじまじしていると、ふと鼻はながいつになく、むず痒かゆいのに気きがついた。So as he lay wide awake in bed, he suddenly noticed that his nose itched as it never had before.

手てをあてて見みると少すこし水気すいきが来きたようにむくんでいる。When he put his hand to it, it felt somewhat puffy, as though it had filled with water.

どうやらそこだけ、熱ねつさえもあるらしい。It seemed that there, and only there, it was even feverish.

――無理むりに短みじこうしたで、病やまいが起おこったのかも知しれぬ。"Perhaps some sickness has come of shortening it by force."

内供ないぐは、仏前ぶつぜんに香花こうげを供そなえるような恭うやうやしい手てつきで、鼻はなを抑おさえながら、こう呟つぶやいた。So the Naigu murmured, holding his nose with hands as reverent as if he were offering incense and flowers before the Buddha.

翌朝よくあさ、内供ないぐがいつものように早はやく眼めをさまして見みると、寺内じないの銀杏いちょうや橡とちが一晩ひとばんの中うちに葉はを落おとしたので、庭にわは黄金きんを敷しいたように明あかるい。The next morning, when the Naigu woke early as usual, the ginkgo and horse-chestnut trees of the temple grounds had shed their leaves overnight, and the garden was as bright as if it had been spread with gold.

塔とうの屋根やねには霜しもが下おりているせいであろう。Perhaps it was because frost had settled on the pagoda roof.

まだうすい朝日あさひに、九輪くりんがまばゆく光ひかっている。In the still-faint morning sun, the nine rings of the spire were shining dazzlingly.

禅智ぜんち内供ないぐは、蔀しとみを上あげた縁えんに立たって、深ふかく息いきをすいこんだ。Zenchi Naigu stood on the veranda, where the shutters had been raised, and drew a deep breath.

ほとんど、忘わすれようとしていたある感覚かんかくが、再ふたたび内供ないぐに帰かえって来きたのはこの時ときである。It was at this moment that a certain sensation he had almost forgotten came back to him.

内供ないぐは慌あわてて鼻はなへ手てをやった。The Naigu hastily put his hand to his nose.

手てにさわるものは、昨夜ゆうべの短みじかい鼻はなではない。What his hand touched was not the short nose of the night before.

上唇うわくちびるの上うえから顋あごの下したまで、五六ごろく寸すんあまりもぶら下さがっている、昔むかしの長ながい鼻はなである。It was the long nose of old, hanging down a good five or six inches from above his upper lip to below his chin.

内供ないぐは鼻はなが一夜いちやの中うちに、また元もとの通とおり長ながくなったのを知しった。The Naigu knew that in a single night his nose had grown long again, just as it used to be.

そうしてそれと同時どうじに、鼻はなが短みじかくなった時ときと同おなじような、はればれした心こころもちが、どこからともなく帰かえって来くるのを感かんじた。And at the same time he felt a light-hearted feeling, just like the one he had felt when his nose became short, returning to him from somewhere.

――こうなれば、もう誰だれも哂わらうものはないにちがいない。"Now that it has come to this, surely no one will laugh anymore."

内供ないぐは心こころの中なかでこう自分じぶんに囁ささやいた。So the Naigu whispered to himself in his heart.

長ながい鼻はなをあけ方がたの秋風あきかぜにぶらつかせながら。All the while letting his long nose dangle in the autumn wind of dawn.

(大正たいしょう五ご年ねん一いち月がつ)(January, Taishō 5 [1916])

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
呟くつぶやくto murmur, to mutterSpeaking quietly, often to oneself.N1
矛盾むじゅんcontradictionLiterally 'spear and shield', from a Chinese fable about a merchant selling both an unstoppable spear and an unbreakable shield.N2
同情どうじょうsympathy, compassionUsed as 〜に同情する, 'to sympathise with ~'.N1
陥れておとしいれるto plunge (someone) into; to entrapdictionary form: 陥れるTransitive. The intransitive 陥る means 'to fall into' a bad situation.—
敵意てきいhostility, ill willUsually 敵意を抱く, 'to harbour hostility'.—
傍観者ぼうかんしゃbystander, onlooker傍 'side' + 観 'watch' + 者 'person': someone who watches from the side without taking part.—
利己主義りこしゅぎegoism, selfishness利己 'benefiting oneself' + 主義 '-ism'. The key idea of this passage.—
機嫌きげんmood, temper機嫌が悪い means 'in a bad mood'.N3
陰口かげぐちbackbiting, talk behind someone's backThe usual phrase is 陰口をたたく; 陰口をきく is an older variant.—
囃しはやすto jeer, to taunt in a chanting voicedictionary form: 囃すAlso means to accompany music with rhythm or shouts.—
恨めしくうらめしいresentful, bitter aboutdictionary form: 恨めしいResentment mixed with regret about one's own circumstances.—
むず痒いむずがゆいitchy, ticklyA crawling kind of itch.—
むくんでむくむto swell, to become puffydictionary form: むくむUsed for swelling caused by fluid, e.g. むくんだ足 'swollen legs'.—
はればれしたはればれするto feel light-hearted and refresheddictionary form: 晴れ晴れするComes from 晴れる 'to clear up (of weather)'; a mind cleared of clouds.—

Grammar

〜なんだ N1 did not (archaic past negative)

An old and dialectal form equal to modern 〜なかった. 哂わなんだ means 哂わなかった; the final て is an old sentence-ending particle that adds a musing tone.

前にはあのようにつけつけとは哂わなんだて。

They never used to laugh so bluntly before, did they now.

〜べき N2 worthy of ~; ought to be ~

Verb (dictionary form) + べき placed before a noun describes it as deserving that action. 愛すべき内供 means 'the Naigu, who deserves to be loved', said with the narrator's gentle irony.

愛すべき内供は、そう云う時になると、必ずぼんやり

At such times our lovable Naigu would always vacantly…

〜ながらも N2 although, even while

Attached to a verb, adjective or noun, ながら(も) expresses concession rather than simultaneous action. Here it means 'although he did not know the reason'.

内供が、理由を知らないながらも、何となく不快に思ったのは

The Naigu's vague displeasure, though he did not know the reason for it,

〜にほかならない N2 is nothing other than ~

A formal, emphatic way to state that something is exactly and only X. With 〜からにほかならない it pinpoints the true cause.

この傍観者の利己主義をそれとなく感づいたからにほかならない。

came from nothing other than having dimly sensed this bystander's egoism.

〜まい N2 negative will or conjecture; here a teasing 'don't ~'

まい is the literary negative counterpart of う/よう. In the boy's chant 打たれまい works as a mocking warning: 'mind you don't get hit'.

「鼻を打たれまい。それ、鼻を打たれまい」と囃しながら

while chanting, "Mind your nose doesn't get hit! There now, mind your nose doesn't get hit!"

〜にちがいない N3 must be; surely

Expresses strong conviction on the speaker's part. The Naigu is certain that no one will laugh now, and the story leaves that certainty open to doubt.

こうなれば、もう誰も哂うものはないにちがいない。

Now that it has come to this, surely no one will laugh anymore.