Cover of 羅生門 (Rashōmon)

Part 2 of 4 · JLPT N2

羅生門 Rashōmon, part 2: Climbing Toward the Light Above

by Akutagawa Ryūnosuke · 1,444 characters · from Beneath the Rashōmon

In this part

Shivering in the cold, the servant decides to spend the night in the tower above the gate and quietly climbs the ladder. He sees a flickering light and finds the floor strewn with rotting corpses. Among them crouches an old woman holding a pine torch, and she begins pulling the hair, one strand at a time, from a dead woman's head.

AI translation · independently checked

下人げにんは、大おおきな嚔くさめをして、それから、大儀たいぎそうに立上たちあがった。The servant gave a loud sneeze, and then, as if it were a great effort, got to his feet.

夕冷ゆうびえのする京都きょうとは、もう火桶ひおけが欲ほしいほどの寒さむさである。With the chill of evening settling over Kyōto, it was already cold enough to make one long for a brazier.

風かぜは門もんの柱はしらと柱はしらとの間あいだを、夕闇ゆうやみと共ともに遠慮えんりょなく、吹ふきぬける。The wind, together with the dusk, blew unchecked between the pillars of the gate.

丹塗にぬりの柱はしらにとまっていた蟋蟀きりぎりすも、もうどこかへ行いってしまった。Even the cricket that had been clinging to the vermilion pillar had gone off somewhere.

下人げにんは、頸くびをちぢめながら、山吹やまぶきの汗袗かざみに重かさねた、紺こんの襖あおの肩かたを高たかくして門もんのまわりを見みまわした。Drawing in his neck, the servant hunched the shoulders of the dark blue jacket he wore over his yellow undershirt and looked around the gate.

雨風あめかぜの患うれえのない、人目ひとめにかかる惧おそれのない、一晩ひとばん楽らくにねられそうな所ところがあれば、そこでともかくも、夜よるを明あかそうと思おもったからである。His thought was that if he could find a place safe from wind and rain, hidden from the eyes of others, where he might sleep in peace for one night, he would at any rate see the night through there.

すると、幸さいわい門もんの上うえの楼ろうへ上のぼる、幅はばの広ひろい、これも丹にを塗ぬった梯子はしごが眼めについた。Then, by good fortune, his eye fell on a wide ladder, also painted vermilion, leading up to the tower above the gate.

上うえなら、人ひとがいたにしても、どうせ死人しにんばかりである。Up there, even if there was anyone, it would only be the dead.

下人げにんはそこで、腰こしにさげた聖柄ひじりづかの太刀たちが鞘走さやばしらないように気きをつけながら、藁草履わらぞうりをはいた足あしを、その梯子はしごの一番下いちばんしたの段だんへふみかけた。So, taking care that the plain-hilted sword hanging at his waist did not slip from its sheath, the servant set his straw-sandaled foot on the lowest rung of the ladder.

それから、何分なんぷんかの後あとである。Some minutes passed.

羅生門らしょうもんの楼ろうの上うえへ出でる、幅はばの広ひろい梯子はしごの中段ちゅうだんに、一人ひとりの男おとこが、猫ねこのように身みをちぢめて、息いきを殺ころしながら、上うえの容子ようすを窺うかがっていた。Halfway up the wide ladder that led to the tower of the Rashōmon, a man crouched like a cat, holding his breath, watching to see what was going on above.

楼ろうの上うえからさす火ひの光ひかりが、かすかに、その男おとこの右みぎの頬ほおをぬらしている。Light from a fire shining down from the tower faintly wet his right cheek.

短みじかい鬚ひげの中なかに、赤あかく膿うみを持もった面皰にきびのある頬ほおである。It was a cheek with a red, pus-filled pimple among the short stubble.

下人げにんは、始はじめから、この上うえにいる者ものは、死人しにんばかりだと高たかを括くくっていた。From the start, the servant had taken it for granted that whoever was up there would be nothing but the dead.

それが、梯子はしごを二三にさん段だん上のぼって見みると、上うえでは誰だれか火ひをとぼして、しかもその火ひをそこここと動うごかしているらしい。Yet when he had climbed two or three rungs, it seemed that someone above had lit a fire, and was moreover moving it about here and there.

これは、その濁にごった、黄きいろい光ひかりが、隅々すみずみに蜘蛛くもの巣すをかけた天井てんじょう裏うらに、揺ゆれながら映うつったので、すぐにそれと知しれたのである。He knew this at once because the murky yellow light flickered across the ceiling, whose every corner was hung with cobwebs.

この雨あめの夜よるに、この羅生門らしょうもんの上うえで、火ひをともしているからは、どうせただの者ものではない。Anyone who would light a fire on top of the Rashōmon, on a rainy night like this, could be no ordinary person.

下人げにんは、守宮やもりのように足音あしおとをぬすんで、やっと急きゅうな梯子はしごを、一番いちばん上うえの段だんまで這はうようにして上のぼりつめた。Muffling his footsteps like a gecko, the servant at last crept up the steep ladder, almost on all fours, until he reached the very top rung.

そうして体からだを出来できるだけ、平たいらにしながら、頸くびを出来できるだけ、前まえへ出だして、恐おそる恐おそる、楼ろうの内うちを覗のぞいて見みた。Then, keeping his body as flat as he could and stretching his neck as far forward as he could, he fearfully peered into the tower.

見みると、楼ろうの内うちには、噂うわさに聞きいた通とおり、幾いくつかの死骸しがいが、無造作むぞうさに棄すててあるが、火ひの光ひかりの及およぶ範囲はんいが、思おもったより狭せまいので、数かずは幾いくつともわからない。Inside, just as rumor had it, a number of corpses had been carelessly thrown down, but the fire's light reached a smaller area than he had expected, so he could not tell how many there were.

ただ、おぼろげながら、知しれるのは、その中なかに裸はだかの死骸しがいと、着物きものを着きた死骸しがいとがあるという事ことである。All he could make out, however dimly, was that among them there were naked corpses and corpses in clothes.

勿論もちろん、中なかには女おんなも男おとこもまじっているらしい。Naturally, there seemed to be both women and men mixed among them.

そうして、その死骸しがいは皆みな、それが、かつて、生いきていた人間にんげんだと云いう事実じじつさえ疑うたがわれるほど、土つちを捏こねて造つくった人形にんぎょうのように、口くちを開あいたり手てを延のばしたりして、ごろごろ床ゆかの上うえにころがっていた。And all those corpses lay sprawled across the floor like dolls made of kneaded clay, some with open mouths, some with outstretched arms, so that one could even doubt they had ever been living people.

しかも、肩かたとか胸むねとかの高たかくなっている部分ぶぶんに、ぼんやりした火ひの光ひかりをうけて、低ひくくなっている部分ぶぶんの影かげを一層いっそう暗くらくしながら、永久えいきゅうに唖おしの如ごとく黙だまっていた。What was more, as the dim firelight fell on the parts that rose up, the shoulders and chests, it made the shadows in the hollows darker still, and they lay silent, as mute as though they would never speak again.

下人げにんは、それらの死骸しがいの腐爛ふらんした臭気しゅうきに思おもわず、鼻はなを掩おおった。At the putrid stench of those corpses, the servant covered his nose without thinking.

しかし、その手ては、次つぎの瞬間しゅんかんには、もう鼻はなを掩おおう事ことを忘わすれていた。But the very next moment, his hand had already forgotten to cover his nose.

ある強つよい感情かんじょうが、ほとんどことごとくこの男おとこの嗅覚きゅうかくを奪うばってしまったからだ。For a certain powerful emotion had robbed him almost entirely of his sense of smell.

下人げにんの眼めは、その時とき、はじめてその死骸しがいの中なかに蹲うずくまっている人間にんげんを見みた。It was then that the servant's eyes first saw a human being crouching among the corpses.

檜皮色ひわだいろの着物きものを着きた、背せの低ひくい、痩やせた、白髪頭しらがあたまの、猿さるのような老婆ろうばである。It was an old woman in a cypress-bark-brown kimono, short, thin, white-haired, and like a monkey.

その老婆ろうばは、右みぎの手てに火ひをともした松まつの木片きぎれを持もって、その死骸しがいの一ひとつの顔かおを覗のぞきこむように眺ながめていた。In her right hand she held a burning sliver of pine, and she was gazing at the face of one of the corpses as if peering right into it.

髪かみの毛けの長ながい所ところを見みると、多分たぶん女おんなの死骸しがいであろう。Judging by the long hair, it was probably the corpse of a woman.

下人げにんは、六分ろくぶの恐怖きょうふと四分しぶの好奇心こうきしんとに動うごかされて、暫時ざんじは呼吸いきをするのさえ忘わすれていた。Moved by six parts fear and four parts curiosity, the servant for a while forgot even to breathe.

旧記きゅうきの記者きしゃの語ごを借かりれば、「頭身とうしんの毛けも太ふとる」ように感かんじたのである。To borrow the words of an old chronicler, he felt as if "the hair of his head and body stood on end."

すると老婆ろうばは、松まつの木片きぎれを、床板ゆかいたの間あいだに挿さして、それから、今いままで眺ながめていた死骸しがいの首くびに両手りょうてをかけると、丁度ちょうど、猿さるの親おやが猿さるの子この虱しらみをとるように、その長ながい髪かみの毛けを一本いっぽんずつ抜ぬきはじめた。Then the old woman wedged the sliver of pine between the floorboards, placed both hands on the head of the corpse she had been gazing at, and, just like a parent monkey picking lice from its young, began to pull out the long hair one strand at a time.

髪かみは手てに従したがって抜ぬけるらしい。The hair seemed to come out easily at her touch.

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
下人げにんservant; low-ranking retainerThe protagonist has no name and is only ever called this.—
大儀たいぎtiresome; a great effort大儀そうに = looking as if it were a chore; old-fashioned.—
火桶ひおけwooden brazier (for warming hands)An old word; the modern equivalent is 火鉢.—
楼ろうtower; upper storey of a gateAlso appears in 鐘楼 (bell tower).—
窺ってうかがうto watch secretly; to spy ondictionary form: 窺うDifferent from 伺う, the humble verb for 'to visit/ask'.—
高を括ってたかをくくるto assume lightly; to take for granteddictionary form: 高を括るIdiom implying the assumption will turn out wrong.—
死骸しがいcorpse, dead bodyA key word in this story; 死体 is the more common modern word.—
無造作むぞうさcarelessly; without ceremony無造作に = casually, any old how.—
臭気しゅうきstench, foul smellFormal; the kanji 臭 means 'stink'.—
蹲ってうずくまるto crouch, squat downdictionary form: 蹲るUsually written in kana today.—
老婆ろうばold womanWritten-style word; in speech one says おばあさん.—
好奇心こうきしんcuriosityLiterally 'liking the strange'.—
暫時ざんじfor a while, for a momentLiterary; compare しばらく (暫く), which uses the same kanji.—

Grammar

〜ほど N3 to the extent that; so … that

Attached to a clause, ほど shows degree. Here 火桶が欲しいほどの寒さ means 'a cold to the extent that one wants a brazier'.

もう火桶が欲しいほどの寒さである。

It was already cold enough to make one long for a brazier.

〜ないように気をつける N4 take care so that something does not happen

The negative form + ように states the result to be avoided, and 気をつける is the effort made to prevent it.

太刀が鞘走らないように気をつけながら

taking care that the sword did not slip from its sheath

〜からは N2 given that; since (so it must be)

A literary form of 〜からには: once a fact is established, a firm conclusion follows. Lighting a fire here means the person can be no ordinary one.

この羅生門の上で、火をともしているからは、どうせただの者ではない。

Anyone who would light a fire on top of the Rashōmon could be no ordinary person.

〜ながら (concessive) N2 although; even if

With adjectives or nouns, ながら means 'while being …, still'. おぼろげながら means 'though only dimly'. It does not mean two actions happening at once here.

ただ、おぼろげながら、知れるのは

All he could make out, however dimly,

〜てある N4 has been done (resulting state)

Te-form of a transitive verb + ある describes a state left by someone's action. 棄ててある stresses that the bodies had been thrown down and left.

幾つかの死骸が、無造作に棄ててある

a number of corpses had been carelessly thrown down

〜ば (conditional) N4 if

借りれば is the ば-conditional of 借りる. The fixed phrase 〜の語を借りれば means 'to borrow the words of …', a set way to introduce a quotation.

旧記の記者の語を借りれば

To borrow the words of an old chronicler