Cover of 桃太郎 (Momotarō)

Part 3 of 6 · JLPT N1

桃太郎(三) Momotarō, part 3: The Peace-Loving People of Onigashima

by Akutagawa Ryūnosuke · 888 characters · from The Boy from the Peach

In this part

The narrator describes Onigashima as a tropical paradise whose oni are peaceful, pleasure-loving and domestic, and he questions the legends that paint famous oni as villains. An old oni mother scares her grandchildren with stories of humans: hornless, pale-faced, lying, greedy and murderous beasts.

AI translation · independently checked

鬼おにが島しまは絶海ぜっかいの孤島ことうだった。Onigashima was a lonely island in a far-off sea.

が、世間せけんの思おもっているように岩山いわやまばかりだった訣わけではない。But it was not, as the world supposes, nothing but rocky crags.

実じつは椰子やしの聳そびえたり、極楽鳥ごくらくちょうの囀さえずったりする、美うつくしい天然てんねんの楽土らくどだった。In truth it was a beautiful natural paradise, where coconut palms towered and birds of paradise sang.

こういう楽土らくどに生せいを享うけた鬼おには勿論もちろん平和へいわを愛あいしていた。The oni who were born into such a paradise naturally loved peace.

いや、鬼おにというものは元来がんらい我々われわれ人間にんげんよりも享楽きょうらく的てきに出来上できあがった種族しゅぞくらしい。Indeed, the oni seem by nature to be a race made more for pleasure than we humans are.

瘤こぶ取とりの話はなしに出でて来くる鬼おには一晩中ひとばんじゅう踊おどりを踊おどっている。The oni who appear in the tale of the man who had his lump taken off spend the whole night dancing.

一寸法師いっすんぼうしの話はなしに出でてくる鬼おにも一身いっしんの危険きけんを顧かえりみず、物詣ものもうでの姫君ひめぎみに見みとれていたらしい。The oni in the tale of Issun-bōshi, too, seem to have stood gazing at a princess on her way to a shrine, with no thought for their own danger.

なるほど大江山おおえやまの酒顛童子しゅてんどうじや羅生門らしょうもんの茨木童子いばらきどうじは稀代きだいの悪人あくにんのように思おもわれている。True, Shuten Dōji of Ōeyama and Ibaraki Dōji of Rashōmon are thought of as villains without equal.

しかし茨木いばらき童子どうじなどは我々われわれの銀座ぎんざを愛あいするように朱雀大路すざくおおじを愛あいする余あまり、時々ときどきそっと羅生門らしょうもんへ姿すがたを露あらわしたのではないであろうか?But might it not be that Ibaraki Dōji, for one, loved Suzaku Ōji as we love the Ginza, and loved it so much that now and then he quietly showed himself at Rashōmon?

酒顛童子しゅてんどうじも大江山おおえやまの岩屋いわやに酒さけばかり飲のんでいたのは確たしかである。As for Shuten Dōji, it is certain that he did nothing but drink sake in his cave on Ōeyama.

その女人にょにんを奪うばって行いったというのは――真偽しんぎはしばらく問とわないにもしろ、女人にょにん自身じしんのいう所ところに過すぎない。As for the claim that he carried off women, leaving aside for now whether it is true or false, it is merely what the women themselves say.

女人にょにん自身じしんのいう所ところをことごとく真実しんじつと認みとめるのは、――わたしはこの二十にじゅう年ねん来らい、こういう疑問ぎもんを抱いだいている。Whether everything the women themselves say should be accepted as the truth: for these twenty years I have harboured just such a doubt.

あの頼光らいこうや四天王してんのうはいずれも多少たしょう気違きちがいじみた女性じょせい崇拝家すうはいかではなかったであろうか?Were not that Raikō and his Four Guardians, every one of them, worshippers of womankind to a somewhat lunatic degree?

鬼おには熱帯ねったい的てき風景ふうけいの中うちに琴ことを弾ひいたり踊おどりを踊おどったり、古代こだいの詩人しじんの詩しを歌うたったり、頗すこぶる安穏あんのんに暮くらしていた。Amid tropical scenery the oni played the zither, danced their dances, sang the songs of ancient poets, and lived in great tranquillity.

そのまた鬼おにの妻つまや娘むすめも機はたを織おったり、酒さけを醸かもしたり、蘭らんの花束はなたばを拵こしらえたり、我々われわれ人間にんげんの妻つまや娘むすめと少すこしも変かわらずに暮くらしていた。Their wives and daughters, too, wove at the loom, brewed sake and made bouquets of orchids, living not one whit differently from the wives and daughters of us humans.

殊ことにもう髪かみの白しろい、牙きばの脱ぬけた鬼おにの母はははいつも孫まごの守もりをしながら、我々われわれ人間にんげんの恐おそろしさを話はなして聞きかせなどしていたものである。In particular, the old oni mothers, their hair already white and their fangs fallen out, would always be minding their grandchildren and telling them how terrible we humans are.

――—

「お前まえたちも悪戯いたずらをすると、人間にんげんの島しまへやってしまうよ。人間にんげんの島しまへやられた鬼おにはあの昔むかしの酒顛童子しゅてんどうじのように、きっと殺ころされてしまうのだからね。"If you children get up to mischief, I'll send you off to the island of the humans. Any oni sent to the island of the humans is sure to get killed, just like Shuten Dōji long ago, you know.

え、人間にんげんというものかい? 人間にんげんというものは角つのの生はえない、生白なまじろい顔かおや手足てあしをした、何なんともいわれず気味きみの悪わるいものだよ。Eh? What are humans like? Humans are things with no horns, with pasty white faces and arms and legs, creepy beyond words, they are.

おまけにまた人間にんげんの女おんなと来きた日ひには、その生白なまじろい顔かおや手足てあしへ一面いちめんに鉛なまりの粉こをなすっているのだよ。And on top of that, the human women, oh, they go smearing lead powder all over those pasty faces and arms and legs.

それだけならばまだ好いいのだがね。男おとこでも女おんなでも同おなじように、譃うそはいうし、欲よくは深ふかいし、焼餅やきもちは焼やくし、己惚うぬぼれは強つよいし、仲間なかま同志どうし殺ころし合あうし、火ひはつけるし、泥棒どろぼうはするし、手てのつけようのない毛けだものなのだよ……」If that were all, it wouldn't be so bad. But men and women alike, they tell lies, they're greedy, they're jealous, they're conceited, they kill each other, they set fires, they steal. They're beasts, and there's no doing anything with them..."

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
鬼おにoni; horned ogre or demon of Japanese folkloreKept as 'oni' because 'demon' or 'ogre' does not quite fit. Oni are horned, often red or blue, and are traditionally villains in folk tales.N3
絶海の孤島ぜっかいのことうa solitary island in a remote seaSet literary phrase: 絶海 means a sea far from land, and 孤島 means a lone island.—
聳えそびえるto tower, to rise highdictionary form: 聳えるN1
楽土らくどparadise, land of happinessLiterary word. Compare 極楽 (Buddhist Paradise).—
元来がんらいby nature, originallyN1
享楽きょうらくenjoyment, pleasure-seekingWith 的 it forms a な-adjective: 享楽的 means pleasure-loving or hedonistic.—
顧みずかえりみるto pay heed to; with 〜ず, without regard fordictionary form: 顧みる〜を顧みず is a fixed literary phrase meaning 'heedless of'.N1
見とれてみとれるto gaze at, to be lost in admiringdictionary form: 見とれる—
稀代きだいrare, unequalledUsed in phrases like 稀代の悪人 (a villain without equal).—
真偽しんぎtruth or falsehoodMade of 真 (true) and 偽 (false).—
頗るすこぶるvery, exceedinglyOld-fashioned, formal adverb.—
醸したりかもすto brew (sake)dictionary form: 醸す—
拵えたりこしらえるto make, to put togetherdictionary form: 拵えるA slightly old-fashioned, colloquial alternative to 作る.N2
焼餅は焼くやきもちをやくto be jealousdictionary form: 焼餅を焼くIdiom; literally 'to toast rice cakes'.—

Grammar

〜わけではない N3 it is not (necessarily) the case that…

This pattern denies an assumption the listener might hold. Here it corrects the popular image of Onigashima as a barren rock. 訣 is an old way of writing 訳 (わけ).

世間の思っているように岩山ばかりだった訣ではない。

It was not, as the world supposes, nothing but rocky crags.

〜たり〜たり N4 doing things such as A and B

The pattern lists representative actions without claiming the list is complete. Here it is stretched over several verbs to paint the oni's leisurely life.

琴を弾いたり踊りを踊ったり、古代の詩人の詩を歌ったり

played the zither, danced their dances, sang the songs of ancient poets

〜あまり N2 so much … that; out of excessive …

Attached to a verb in the dictionary form or to Noun + の, it gives an excessive feeling or degree as the cause of what follows.

朱雀大路を愛する余り、時々そっと羅生門へ姿を露わしたのではないであろうか?

loved Suzaku Ōji so much that now and then he quietly showed himself at Rashōmon?

〜に過ぎない N2 is merely / nothing more than

This pattern downplays something as no more than what is stated. The narrator dismisses the abduction story as only the women's account.

女人自身のいう所に過ぎない。

It is merely what the women themselves say.

〜ものである (past habit) N3 used to …, would …

After a past-tense verb, ものだ or ものである recalls a habitual past action with a reminiscing tone.

我々人間の恐ろしさを話して聞かせなどしていたものである。

They would be telling them how terrible we humans are.

〜と来た日には N1 when it comes to … (complaint)

This colloquial pattern singles out a topic in order to criticise it, and the speaker expects something bad to follow. The grandmother uses it to introduce the human women.

人間の女と来た日には、その生白い顔や手足へ一面に鉛の粉をなすっているのだよ。

As for the human women, they smear lead powder all over those pasty faces and arms and legs.