
Part 3 of 6 · JLPT N1
桃太郎(三) Momotarō, part 3: The Peace-Loving People of Onigashima
In this part
The narrator describes Onigashima as a tropical paradise whose oni are peaceful, pleasure-loving and domestic, and he questions the legends that paint famous oni as villains. An old oni mother scares her grandchildren with stories of humans: hornless, pale-faced, lying, greedy and murderous beasts.
AI translation · independently checked
鬼が島は絶海の孤島だった。Onigashima was a lonely island in a far-off sea.
が、世間の思っているように岩山ばかりだった訣ではない。But it was not, as the world supposes, nothing but rocky crags.
実は椰子の聳えたり、極楽鳥の囀ったりする、美しい天然の楽土だった。In truth it was a beautiful natural paradise, where coconut palms towered and birds of paradise sang.
こういう楽土に生を享けた鬼は勿論平和を愛していた。The oni who were born into such a paradise naturally loved peace.
いや、鬼というものは元来我々人間よりも享楽的に出来上った種族らしい。Indeed, the oni seem by nature to be a race made more for pleasure than we humans are.
瘤取りの話に出て来る鬼は一晩中踊りを踊っている。The oni who appear in the tale of the man who had his lump taken off spend the whole night dancing.
一寸法師の話に出てくる鬼も一身の危険を顧みず、物詣での姫君に見とれていたらしい。The oni in the tale of Issun-bōshi, too, seem to have stood gazing at a princess on her way to a shrine, with no thought for their own danger.
なるほど大江山の酒顛童子や羅生門の茨木童子は稀代の悪人のように思われている。True, Shuten Dōji of Ōeyama and Ibaraki Dōji of Rashōmon are thought of as villains without equal.
しかし茨木童子などは我々の銀座を愛するように朱雀大路を愛する余り、時々そっと羅生門へ姿を露わしたのではないであろうか?But might it not be that Ibaraki Dōji, for one, loved Suzaku Ōji as we love the Ginza, and loved it so much that now and then he quietly showed himself at Rashōmon?
酒顛童子も大江山の岩屋に酒ばかり飲んでいたのは確かである。As for Shuten Dōji, it is certain that he did nothing but drink sake in his cave on Ōeyama.
その女人を奪って行ったというのは――真偽はしばらく問わないにもしろ、女人自身のいう所に過ぎない。As for the claim that he carried off women, leaving aside for now whether it is true or false, it is merely what the women themselves say.
女人自身のいう所をことごとく真実と認めるのは、――わたしはこの二十年来、こういう疑問を抱いている。Whether everything the women themselves say should be accepted as the truth: for these twenty years I have harboured just such a doubt.
あの頼光や四天王はいずれも多少気違いじみた女性崇拝家ではなかったであろうか?Were not that Raikō and his Four Guardians, every one of them, worshippers of womankind to a somewhat lunatic degree?
鬼は熱帯的風景の中に琴を弾いたり踊りを踊ったり、古代の詩人の詩を歌ったり、頗る安穏に暮らしていた。Amid tropical scenery the oni played the zither, danced their dances, sang the songs of ancient poets, and lived in great tranquillity.
そのまた鬼の妻や娘も機を織ったり、酒を醸したり、蘭の花束を拵えたり、我々人間の妻や娘と少しも変らずに暮らしていた。Their wives and daughters, too, wove at the loom, brewed sake and made bouquets of orchids, living not one whit differently from the wives and daughters of us humans.
殊にもう髪の白い、牙の脱けた鬼の母はいつも孫の守りをしながら、我々人間の恐ろしさを話して聞かせなどしていたものである。In particular, the old oni mothers, their hair already white and their fangs fallen out, would always be minding their grandchildren and telling them how terrible we humans are.
――—
「お前たちも悪戯をすると、人間の島へやってしまうよ。人間の島へやられた鬼はあの昔の酒顛童子のように、きっと殺されてしまうのだからね。"If you children get up to mischief, I'll send you off to the island of the humans. Any oni sent to the island of the humans is sure to get killed, just like Shuten Dōji long ago, you know.
え、人間というものかい? 人間というものは角の生えない、生白い顔や手足をした、何ともいわれず気味の悪いものだよ。Eh? What are humans like? Humans are things with no horns, with pasty white faces and arms and legs, creepy beyond words, they are.
おまけにまた人間の女と来た日には、その生白い顔や手足へ一面に鉛の粉をなすっているのだよ。And on top of that, the human women, oh, they go smearing lead powder all over those pasty faces and arms and legs.
それだけならばまだ好いのだがね。男でも女でも同じように、譃はいうし、欲は深いし、焼餅は焼くし、己惚は強いし、仲間同志殺し合うし、火はつけるし、泥棒はするし、手のつけようのない毛だものなのだよ……」If that were all, it wouldn't be so bad. But men and women alike, they tell lies, they're greedy, they're jealous, they're conceited, they kill each other, they set fires, they steal. They're beasts, and there's no doing anything with them..."
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning | JLPT |
|---|---|---|
| 鬼おに | oni; horned ogre or demon of Japanese folkloreKept as 'oni' because 'demon' or 'ogre' does not quite fit. Oni are horned, often red or blue, and are traditionally villains in folk tales. | N3 |
| 絶海の孤島ぜっかいのことう | a solitary island in a remote seaSet literary phrase: 絶海 means a sea far from land, and 孤島 means a lone island. | — |
| 聳えそびえる | to tower, to rise highdictionary form: 聳える | N1 |
| 楽土らくど | paradise, land of happinessLiterary word. Compare 極楽 (Buddhist Paradise). | — |
| 元来がんらい | by nature, originally | N1 |
| 享楽きょうらく | enjoyment, pleasure-seekingWith 的 it forms a な-adjective: 享楽的 means pleasure-loving or hedonistic. | — |
| 顧みずかえりみる | to pay heed to; with 〜ず, without regard fordictionary form: 顧みる〜を顧みず is a fixed literary phrase meaning 'heedless of'. | N1 |
| 見とれてみとれる | to gaze at, to be lost in admiringdictionary form: 見とれる | — |
| 稀代きだい | rare, unequalledUsed in phrases like 稀代の悪人 (a villain without equal). | — |
| 真偽しんぎ | truth or falsehoodMade of 真 (true) and 偽 (false). | — |
| 頗るすこぶる | very, exceedinglyOld-fashioned, formal adverb. | — |
| 醸したりかもす | to brew (sake)dictionary form: 醸す | — |
| 拵えたりこしらえる | to make, to put togetherdictionary form: 拵えるA slightly old-fashioned, colloquial alternative to 作る. | N2 |
| 焼餅は焼くやきもちをやく | to be jealousdictionary form: 焼餅を焼くIdiom; literally 'to toast rice cakes'. | — |
Grammar
〜わけではない N3 it is not (necessarily) the case that…
This pattern denies an assumption the listener might hold. Here it corrects the popular image of Onigashima as a barren rock. 訣 is an old way of writing 訳 (わけ).
世間の思っているように岩山ばかりだった訣ではない。
It was not, as the world supposes, nothing but rocky crags.
〜たり〜たり N4 doing things such as A and B
The pattern lists representative actions without claiming the list is complete. Here it is stretched over several verbs to paint the oni's leisurely life.
琴を弾いたり踊りを踊ったり、古代の詩人の詩を歌ったり
played the zither, danced their dances, sang the songs of ancient poets
〜あまり N2 so much … that; out of excessive …
Attached to a verb in the dictionary form or to Noun + の, it gives an excessive feeling or degree as the cause of what follows.
朱雀大路を愛する余り、時々そっと羅生門へ姿を露わしたのではないであろうか?
loved Suzaku Ōji so much that now and then he quietly showed himself at Rashōmon?
〜に過ぎない N2 is merely / nothing more than
This pattern downplays something as no more than what is stated. The narrator dismisses the abduction story as only the women's account.
女人自身のいう所に過ぎない。
It is merely what the women themselves say.
〜ものである (past habit) N3 used to …, would …
After a past-tense verb, ものだ or ものである recalls a habitual past action with a reminiscing tone.
我々人間の恐ろしさを話して聞かせなどしていたものである。
They would be telling them how terrible we humans are.
〜と来た日には N1 when it comes to … (complaint)
This colloquial pattern singles out a topic in order to criticise it, and the speaker expects something bad to follow. The grandmother uses it to introduce the human women.
人間の女と来た日には、その生白い顔や手足へ一面に鉛の粉をなすっているのだよ。
As for the human women, they smear lead powder all over those pasty faces and arms and legs.