
Part 3 of 6 · JLPT N2
高瀬舟 Takasebune, part 3: Two Hundred Mon and a Constable's Purse
In this part
Kisuke explains that he has never before had money of his own, and that he plans to use the two hundred mon given to him on leaving gaol to start work on the island. His words make Shōbē reflect on his own household, where a wife raised in a wealthy home secretly covers their shortfalls with money from her parents. Shōbē realises that he too only passes his stipend from hand to hand, and that he has less savings than this prisoner.
AI translation · independently checked
喜助はことばをついだ。Kisuke went on.
「お恥ずかしい事を申し上げなくてはなりませぬが、わたくしは今日まで二百文というお足を、こうしてふところに入れて持っていたことはございませぬ。"I am ashamed to have to tell you this, but never until today have I carried as much as two hundred mon tucked away in my robe like this.
どこかで仕事に取りつきたいと思って、仕事を尋ねて歩きまして、それが見つかり次第、骨を惜しまずに働きました。I wanted to find work somewhere, so I went about looking for it, and as soon as I found some I worked without sparing myself.
そしてもらった銭は、いつも右から左へ人手に渡さなくてはなりませなんだ。それも現金で物が買って食べられる時は、わたくしの工面のいい時で、たいていは借りたものを返して、またあとを借りたのでございます。And the money I was paid always had to pass straight into other hands, from the right hand to the left. Even then, the times when I could buy food with ready money and eat were the times when I was well off; mostly I paid back what I had borrowed and then borrowed again.
それがお牢にはいってからは、仕事をせずに食べさせていただきます。わたくしはそればかりでも、お上に対して済まない事をいたしているようでなりませぬ。But since I went into the gaol, I have been fed without doing any work. That alone makes me feel I am doing the authorities a wrong.
それにお牢を出る時に、この二百文をいただきましたのでございます。こうして相変わらずお上の物を食べていて見ますれば、この二百文はわたくしが使わずに持っていることができます。And on top of that, when I left the gaol I was given these two hundred mon. If I go on eating the authorities' food like this, I can keep the two hundred mon without spending them.
お足を自分の物にして持っているということは、わたくしにとっては、これが始めでございます。To have money and keep it as my very own: for me, this is the first time.
島へ行ってみますまでは、どんな仕事ができるかわかりませんが、わたくしはこの二百文を島でする仕事の本手にしようと楽しんでおります。」こう言って、喜助は口をつぐんだ。Until I reach the island I cannot tell what work I shall be able to do, but I look forward to making these two hundred mon the capital for whatever work I do there." Having said this, Kisuke fell silent.
庄兵衛は「うん、そうかい」とは言ったが、聞く事ごとにあまり意表に出たので、これもしばらく何も言うことができずに、考え込んで黙っていた。Shōbē said, "Well, is that so," but everything he heard was so far beyond anything he had expected that he too could say nothing for a while, and sat silent, lost in thought.
庄兵衛はかれこれ初老に手の届く年になっていて、もう女房に子供を四人生ませている。Shōbē was now nearing the threshold of old age, and his wife had already borne him four children.
それに老母が生きているので、家は七人暮らしである。His aged mother was still living as well, so there were seven in the household.
平生人には吝嗇と言われるほどの、倹約な生活をしていて、衣類は自分が役目のために着るもののほか、寝巻しかこしらえぬくらいにしている。He lived so frugally that people usually called him a miser, and as for clothes, apart from what he wore for his duties he had nothing made for himself but a nightgown.
しかし不幸な事には、妻をいい身代の商人の家から迎えた。Unfortunately, however, he had taken his wife from a merchant family of comfortable means.
そこで女房は夫のもらう扶持米で暮らしを立ててゆこうとする善意はあるが、ゆたかな家にかわいがられて育った癖があるので、夫が満足するほど手元を引き締めて暮らしてゆくことができない。So, though his wife had every good intention of making ends meet on the rice stipend her husband received, she had grown up a cherished daughter in a wealthy house, and the habit of it stayed with her; she could not hold the purse strings as tightly as would have satisfied her husband.
ややもすれば月末になって勘定が足りなくなる。All too often the money would run short by the end of the month.
すると女房が内証で里から金を持って来て帳尻を合わせる。Then his wife would secretly bring money from her parents' home to balance the accounts.
それは夫が借財というものを毛虫のようにきらうからである。This was because her husband loathed debt as one loathes a hairy caterpillar.
そういう事は所詮夫に知れずにはいない。Such things could not, in the end, be kept from the husband.
庄兵衛は五節句だと言っては、里方から物をもらい、子供の七五三の祝いだと言っては、里方から子供に衣類をもらうのでさえ、心苦しく思っているのだから、暮らしの穴をうめてもらったのに気がついては、いい顔はしない。Shōbē felt uneasy even when his wife's family sent gifts for the Five Seasonal Festivals, or gave the children clothes to celebrate Seven-Five-Three, so when he found that they had filled a hole in the household budget, he did not look pleased.
格別平和を破るような事のない羽田の家に、おりおり波風の起こるのは、これが原因である。That was why storms blew up now and then in the Haneda household, where otherwise nothing much ever disturbed the peace.
庄兵衛は今喜助の話を聞いて、喜助の身の上をわが身の上に引き比べてみた。Now, having heard Kisuke's story, Shōbē set Kisuke's lot beside his own.
喜助は仕事をして給料を取っても、右から左へ人手に渡してなくしてしまうと言った。Kisuke had said that even when he worked and earned wages, they passed straight from his right hand to his left into other hands, and were gone.
いかにも哀れな、気の毒な境界である。It was a truly pitiful, wretched state to be in.
しかし一転してわが身の上を顧みれば、彼と我れとの間に、はたしてどれほどの差があるか。But turning round to look at his own life, how much difference was there, really, between that man and himself?
自分も上からもらう扶持米を、右から左へ人手に渡して暮らしているに過ぎぬではないか。Was he not, too, merely living by passing the rice stipend he received from his superiors straight from right hand to left into other hands?
彼と我れとの相違は、いわば十露盤の桁が違っているだけで、喜助のありがたがる二百文に相当する貯蓄だに、こっちはないのである。The difference between them was, so to speak, only a matter of how many places there were on the abacus; and he did not have even savings to match the two hundred mon that Kisuke was so grateful for.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning | JLPT |
|---|---|---|
| 文もん | mon, a small copper coin of the Edo periodAs a unit of money 文 is read もん, not ぶん. Two hundred mon was a small sum, but it is a fortune to Kisuke. | — |
| お足おあし | moneyOld-fashioned polite word for money, said to come from money 'walking' from hand to hand. | — |
| 骨を惜しまずにほねをおしまない | to spare no effort, work without stinting oneselfdictionary form: 骨を惜しまないLiterally 'not to grudge one's bones'. | — |
| 工面くめん | financial situation; managing to raise money工面がいい means being well off for the moment. | — |
| お上おかみ | the authorities, the governmentRespectful term used by commoners for those in power. | — |
| 本手もとで | capital, funds to start a businessdictionary form: 元手Ōgai writes 本手; the standard spelling today is 元手. | — |
| 口をつぐんだくちをつぐむ | to fall silent, close one's mouthdictionary form: 口をつぐむ | — |
| 意表に出たいひょうにでる | to be unexpected, take someone by surprisedictionary form: 意表に出るAlso common as 意表を突く 'to catch off guard'. | — |
| 吝嗇りんしょく | stinginess, miserlinessLiterary; everyday Japanese uses けち. | N1 |
| 身代しんだい | fortune, family wealthいい身代 means a family of substantial means. | — |
| 扶持米ふちまい | rice stipend paid to retainersSamurai and officials were paid in rice rather than in coin. | — |
| 内証ないしょう | secret, privatelyOlder form of 内緒 (ないしょ). | — |
| 帳尻を合わせるちょうじりをあわせる | to balance the books, make the accounts come out right | — |
| 境界きょうがい | circumstances, one's lot in lifeIn this Buddhist-derived sense it is read きょうがい; read きょうかい it means 'boundary'. | N2 |
Grammar
〜次第 N2 as soon as ~
Attached to a verb stem, 次第 means that the second action follows immediately once the first happens. Here, as soon as Kisuke found work, he threw himself into it.
それが見つかり次第、骨を惜しまずに働きました。
As soon as I found some, I worked without sparing myself.
〜ませぬ / 〜ませなんだ N1 polite negative (old-fashioned) / its past form
ませぬ is an older equivalent of ません, and ませなんだ is its past, equivalent to ませんでした. They give Kisuke's speech its humble, old-fashioned tone.
いつも右から左へ人手に渡さなくてはなりませなんだ。
It always had to pass straight from right hand to left into other hands.
〜てならない N2 cannot help feeling ~; extremely ~
〜でならない / 〜てならない: cannot help feeling ~; extremely ~. ならない after a feeling word shows that the feeling is strong and cannot be held back. After ようだ or a na-adjective, the te-form is で, so the pattern appears as 〜でならない. Here ようでなりませぬ (the polite form of classical ならぬ) means Kisuke cannot shake off the feeling that he is wronging the authorities.
お上に対して済まない事をいたしているようでなりませぬ。
I cannot help feeling I am doing the authorities a wrong.
〜ずにはいない N1 will inevitably ~, cannot fail to ~
〜ずにはいない: cannot fail to ~, is bound to ~. A double negative showing that something will inevitably happen. Here, the wife's secret practice of bringing money from her parents' home to cover shortfalls is bound to become known to her husband.
そういう事は所詮夫に知れずにはいない。
Such things could not, in the end, be kept from the husband.
〜に過ぎぬ(に過ぎない) N2 nothing more than ~, merely ~
に過ぎない limits something to a small degree; 過ぎぬ is the literary negative. Combined with ではないか, it forms a rhetorical question: is he not merely doing the same thing?
右から左へ人手に渡して暮らしているに過ぎぬではないか。
Was he not merely living by passing it straight from right hand to left into other hands?
〜だに N1 not even ~
A classical particle used with a negative, meaning 'not even'. It stresses that Shōbē lacks even the small sum Kisuke treasures.
喜助のありがたがる二百文に相当する貯蓄だに、こっちはないのである。
He did not have even savings to match the two hundred mon Kisuke was so grateful for.