Cover of 高瀬舟 (Takasebune)

Part 3 of 6 · JLPT N2

高瀬舟 Takasebune, part 3: Two Hundred Mon and a Constable's Purse

by Mori Ōgai · 1,302 characters · from Night Boat on the Takase River

In this part

Kisuke explains that he has never before had money of his own, and that he plans to use the two hundred mon given to him on leaving gaol to start work on the island. His words make Shōbē reflect on his own household, where a wife raised in a wealthy home secretly covers their shortfalls with money from her parents. Shōbē realises that he too only passes his stipend from hand to hand, and that he has less savings than this prisoner.

AI translation · independently checked

喜助きすけはことばをついだ。Kisuke went on.

「お恥はずかしい事ことを申もうし上あげなくてはなりませぬが、わたくしは今日こんにちまで二百にひゃく文もんというお足あしを、こうしてふところに入いれて持もっていたことはございませぬ。"I am ashamed to have to tell you this, but never until today have I carried as much as two hundred mon tucked away in my robe like this.

どこかで仕事しごとに取とりつきたいと思おもって、仕事しごとを尋たずねて歩あるきまして、それが見みつかり次第しだい、骨ほねを惜おしまずに働はたらきました。I wanted to find work somewhere, so I went about looking for it, and as soon as I found some I worked without sparing myself.

そしてもらった銭ぜには、いつも右みぎから左ひだりへ人手ひとでに渡わたさなくてはなりませなんだ。それも現金げんきんで物ものが買かって食たべられる時ときは、わたくしの工面くめんのいい時ときで、たいていは借かりたものを返かえして、またあとを借かりたのでございます。And the money I was paid always had to pass straight into other hands, from the right hand to the left. Even then, the times when I could buy food with ready money and eat were the times when I was well off; mostly I paid back what I had borrowed and then borrowed again.

それがお牢ろうにはいってからは、仕事しごとをせずに食たべさせていただきます。わたくしはそればかりでも、お上かみに対たいして済すまない事ことをいたしているようでなりませぬ。But since I went into the gaol, I have been fed without doing any work. That alone makes me feel I am doing the authorities a wrong.

それにお牢ろうを出でる時ときに、この二百にひゃく文もんをいただきましたのでございます。こうして相変あいかわらずお上かみの物ものを食たべていて見みますれば、この二百にひゃく文もんはわたくしが使つかわずに持もっていることができます。And on top of that, when I left the gaol I was given these two hundred mon. If I go on eating the authorities' food like this, I can keep the two hundred mon without spending them.

お足あしを自分じぶんの物ものにして持もっているということは、わたくしにとっては、これが始はじめでございます。To have money and keep it as my very own: for me, this is the first time.

島しまへ行いってみますまでは、どんな仕事しごとができるかわかりませんが、わたくしはこの二百にひゃく文もんを島しまでする仕事しごとの本手もとでにしようと楽たのしんでおります。」こう言いって、喜助きすけは口くちをつぐんだ。Until I reach the island I cannot tell what work I shall be able to do, but I look forward to making these two hundred mon the capital for whatever work I do there." Having said this, Kisuke fell silent.

庄兵衛しょうべえは「うん、そうかい」とは言いったが、聞きく事ことごとにあまり意表いひょうに出でたので、これもしばらく何なにも言いうことができずに、考かんがえ込こんで黙だまっていた。Shōbē said, "Well, is that so," but everything he heard was so far beyond anything he had expected that he too could say nothing for a while, and sat silent, lost in thought.

庄兵衛しょうべえはかれこれ初老しょろうに手ての届とどく年としになっていて、もう女房にょうぼうに子供こどもを四人よにん生うませている。Shōbē was now nearing the threshold of old age, and his wife had already borne him four children.

それに老母ろうぼが生いきているので、家いえは七人しちにん暮くらしである。His aged mother was still living as well, so there were seven in the household.

平生へいぜい人ひとには吝嗇りんしょくと言いわれるほどの、倹約けんやくな生活せいかつをしていて、衣類いるいは自分じぶんが役目やくめのために着きるもののほか、寝巻ねまきしかこしらえぬくらいにしている。He lived so frugally that people usually called him a miser, and as for clothes, apart from what he wore for his duties he had nothing made for himself but a nightgown.

しかし不幸ふこうな事ことには、妻つまをいい身代しんだいの商人しょうにんの家いえから迎むかえた。Unfortunately, however, he had taken his wife from a merchant family of comfortable means.

そこで女房にょうぼうは夫おっとのもらう扶持米ふちまいで暮くらしを立たててゆこうとする善意ぜんいはあるが、ゆたかな家いえにかわいがられて育そだった癖くせがあるので、夫おっとが満足まんぞくするほど手元てもとを引ひき締しめて暮くらしてゆくことができない。So, though his wife had every good intention of making ends meet on the rice stipend her husband received, she had grown up a cherished daughter in a wealthy house, and the habit of it stayed with her; she could not hold the purse strings as tightly as would have satisfied her husband.

ややもすれば月末げつまつになって勘定かんじょうが足たりなくなる。All too often the money would run short by the end of the month.

すると女房にょうぼうが内証ないしょうで里さとから金かねを持もって来きて帳尻ちょうじりを合あわせる。Then his wife would secretly bring money from her parents' home to balance the accounts.

それは夫おっとが借財しゃくざいというものを毛虫けむしのようにきらうからである。This was because her husband loathed debt as one loathes a hairy caterpillar.

そういう事ことは所詮しょせん夫おっとに知しれずにはいない。Such things could not, in the end, be kept from the husband.

庄兵衛しょうべえは五ご節句せっくだと言いっては、里方さとかたから物ものをもらい、子供こどもの七五三しちごさんの祝いわいだと言いっては、里方さとかたから子供こどもに衣類いるいをもらうのでさえ、心苦こころぐるしく思おもっているのだから、暮くらしの穴あなをうめてもらったのに気きがついては、いい顔かおはしない。Shōbē felt uneasy even when his wife's family sent gifts for the Five Seasonal Festivals, or gave the children clothes to celebrate Seven-Five-Three, so when he found that they had filled a hole in the household budget, he did not look pleased.

格別かくべつ平和へいわを破やぶるような事ことのない羽田はねだの家いえに、おりおり波風なみかぜの起おこるのは、これが原因げんいんである。That was why storms blew up now and then in the Haneda household, where otherwise nothing much ever disturbed the peace.

庄兵衛しょうべえは今いま喜助きすけの話はなしを聞きいて、喜助きすけの身みの上うえをわが身みの上うえに引ひき比くらべてみた。Now, having heard Kisuke's story, Shōbē set Kisuke's lot beside his own.

喜助きすけは仕事しごとをして給料きゅうりょうを取とっても、右みぎから左ひだりへ人手ひとでに渡わたしてなくしてしまうと言いった。Kisuke had said that even when he worked and earned wages, they passed straight from his right hand to his left into other hands, and were gone.

いかにも哀あわれな、気きの毒どくな境界きょうがいである。It was a truly pitiful, wretched state to be in.

しかし一転いってんしてわが身みの上うえを顧かえりみれば、彼かれと我われとの間あいだに、はたしてどれほどの差さがあるか。But turning round to look at his own life, how much difference was there, really, between that man and himself?

自分じぶんも上かみからもらう扶持米ふちまいを、右みぎから左ひだりへ人手ひとでに渡わたして暮くらしているに過すぎぬではないか。Was he not, too, merely living by passing the rice stipend he received from his superiors straight from right hand to left into other hands?

彼かれと我われとの相違そういは、いわば十露盤そろばんの桁けたが違ちがっているだけで、喜助きすけのありがたがる二百にひゃく文もんに相当そうとうする貯蓄ちょちくだに、こっちはないのである。The difference between them was, so to speak, only a matter of how many places there were on the abacus; and he did not have even savings to match the two hundred mon that Kisuke was so grateful for.

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
文もんmon, a small copper coin of the Edo periodAs a unit of money 文 is read もん, not ぶん. Two hundred mon was a small sum, but it is a fortune to Kisuke.—
お足おあしmoneyOld-fashioned polite word for money, said to come from money 'walking' from hand to hand.—
骨を惜しまずにほねをおしまないto spare no effort, work without stinting oneselfdictionary form: 骨を惜しまないLiterally 'not to grudge one's bones'.—
工面くめんfinancial situation; managing to raise money工面がいい means being well off for the moment.—
お上おかみthe authorities, the governmentRespectful term used by commoners for those in power.—
本手もとでcapital, funds to start a businessdictionary form: 元手Ōgai writes 本手; the standard spelling today is 元手.—
口をつぐんだくちをつぐむto fall silent, close one's mouthdictionary form: 口をつぐむ—
意表に出たいひょうにでるto be unexpected, take someone by surprisedictionary form: 意表に出るAlso common as 意表を突く 'to catch off guard'.—
吝嗇りんしょくstinginess, miserlinessLiterary; everyday Japanese uses けち.N1
身代しんだいfortune, family wealthいい身代 means a family of substantial means.—
扶持米ふちまいrice stipend paid to retainersSamurai and officials were paid in rice rather than in coin.—
内証ないしょうsecret, privatelyOlder form of 内緒 (ないしょ).—
帳尻を合わせるちょうじりをあわせるto balance the books, make the accounts come out right—
境界きょうがいcircumstances, one's lot in lifeIn this Buddhist-derived sense it is read きょうがい; read きょうかい it means 'boundary'.N2

Grammar

〜次第 N2 as soon as ~

Attached to a verb stem, 次第 means that the second action follows immediately once the first happens. Here, as soon as Kisuke found work, he threw himself into it.

それが見つかり次第、骨を惜しまずに働きました。

As soon as I found some, I worked without sparing myself.

〜ませぬ / 〜ませなんだ N1 polite negative (old-fashioned) / its past form

ませぬ is an older equivalent of ません, and ませなんだ is its past, equivalent to ませんでした. They give Kisuke's speech its humble, old-fashioned tone.

いつも右から左へ人手に渡さなくてはなりませなんだ。

It always had to pass straight from right hand to left into other hands.

〜てならない N2 cannot help feeling ~; extremely ~

〜でならない / 〜てならない: cannot help feeling ~; extremely ~. ならない after a feeling word shows that the feeling is strong and cannot be held back. After ようだ or a na-adjective, the te-form is で, so the pattern appears as 〜でならない. Here ようでなりませぬ (the polite form of classical ならぬ) means Kisuke cannot shake off the feeling that he is wronging the authorities.

お上に対して済まない事をいたしているようでなりませぬ。

I cannot help feeling I am doing the authorities a wrong.

〜ずにはいない N1 will inevitably ~, cannot fail to ~

〜ずにはいない: cannot fail to ~, is bound to ~. A double negative showing that something will inevitably happen. Here, the wife's secret practice of bringing money from her parents' home to cover shortfalls is bound to become known to her husband.

そういう事は所詮夫に知れずにはいない。

Such things could not, in the end, be kept from the husband.

〜に過ぎぬ(に過ぎない) N2 nothing more than ~, merely ~

に過ぎない limits something to a small degree; 過ぎぬ is the literary negative. Combined with ではないか, it forms a rhetorical question: is he not merely doing the same thing?

右から左へ人手に渡して暮らしているに過ぎぬではないか。

Was he not merely living by passing it straight from right hand to left into other hands?

〜だに N1 not even ~

A classical particle used with a negative, meaning 'not even'. It stresses that Shōbē lacks even the small sum Kisuke treasures.

喜助のありがたがる二百文に相当する貯蓄だに、こっちはないのである。

He did not have even savings to match the two hundred mon Kisuke was so grateful for.