
Part 4 of 7 · JLPT N2
葉 Ha, part 4: Arguments for Living, and Other Fragments
In this part
Kobayakawa scolds Aoi for claiming that useless people like them should simply die. He argues that even a small contribution to the proletariat makes a life worth living. Short fragments follow: a boy offended that his arithmetic book prints the answers, an aunt's backhanded advice, a man who lets go of a drowning woman who then cries another man's name, and a writer's request for a headless statue.
AI translation · independently checked
「死ねば一番いいのだ。いや、僕だけじゃない。少くとも社会の進歩にマイナスの働きをなしている奴等は全部、死ねばいいのだ。それとも君、マイナスの者でもなんでも人はすべて死んではならぬという科学的な何か理由があるのかね」"The best thing would be to die. No, not just me. At the very least, every one of those fellows who works as a minus to the progress of society ought to die. Or tell me, is there some scientific reason why people must never die, minus or not?"
「ば、ばかな」"Th-that's absurd."
小早川には青井の言うことが急にばからしくなって来た。All at once, what Aoi was saying began to seem ridiculous to Kobayakawa.
「笑ってはいけない。だって君、そうじゃないか。祖先を祭るために生きていなければならないとか、人類の文化を完成させなければならないとか、そんなたいへんな倫理的な義務としてしか僕たちは今まで教えられていないのだ。"Don't laugh. Isn't it so? We've only ever been taught it as some grand moral duty: that we must stay alive to honour our ancestors, that we must bring the culture of mankind to completion.
なんの科学的な説明も与えられていないのだ。そんなら僕たちマイナスの人間は皆、死んだほうがいいのだ。死ぬとゼロだよ」We've never been given any scientific explanation at all. In that case, all of us minus people had better die. Die, and you're a zero."
「馬鹿! 何を言っていやがる。どだい、君、虫が好すぎるぞ。それは成る程、君も僕もぜんぜん生産にあずかっていない人間だ。"Idiot! What are you blathering about? You're asking far too much, you know. True enough, you and I are people who take no part whatever in production.
それだからとて、決してマイナスの生活はしていないと思うのだ。君はいったい、無産階級の解放を望んでいるのか。Even so, I don't think we're living minus lives at all. Tell me, do you really want the liberation of the propertyless class?
無産階級の大勝利を信じているのか。程度の差はあるけれども、僕たちはブルジョアジイに寄生している。Do you believe in the great victory of the propertyless class? There are differences of degree, but we're living off the bourgeoisie like parasites.
それは確かだ。だがそれはブルジョアジイを支持しているのとはぜんぜん意味が違うのだ。That much is certain. But that means something entirely different from supporting the bourgeoisie.
一のプロレタリアアトへの貢献と、九のブルジョアジイへの貢献と君は言ったが、何を指してブルジョアジイへの貢献と言うのだろう。You said one part contribution to the proletariat and nine parts contribution to the bourgeoisie, but what exactly do you mean by contribution to the bourgeoisie?
わざわざ資本家の懐を肥してやる点では、僕たちだってプロレタリアアトだって同じことなんだ。When it comes to going out of our way to fatten the capitalists' pockets, we and the proletariat are in exactly the same position.
資本主義的経済社会に住んでいることが裏切りなら、闘士にはどんな仙人が成るのだ。そんな言葉こそウルトラというものだ。If living in a capitalist economic society is betrayal, then what kind of hermit sage could ever become a fighter? Talk like that is exactly what you'd call ultra.
小児病というものだ。一のプロレタリアアトへの貢献、それで沢山。その一が尊いのだ。It's what's called an infantile disorder. One part contribution to the proletariat, that's plenty. That one part is precious.
その一だけの為に僕たちは頑張って生きていなければならないのだ。そうしてそれが立派にプラスの生活だ。死ぬなんて馬鹿だ。死ぬなんて馬鹿だ」For the sake of that one part alone, we have to hold on and keep living. And that is, quite properly, a plus life. Dying is idiotic. Dying is idiotic."
生れてはじめて算術の教科書を手にした。For the first time in his life, he held an arithmetic textbook in his hands.
小型の、まっくろい表紙。A small one, with a jet-black cover.
ああ、なかの数字の羅列がどんなに美しく眼にしみたことか。Ah, how beautifully the rows of figures inside burned into his eyes!
少年は、しばらくそれをいじくっていたが、やがて、巻末のペエジにすべての解答が記されているのを発見した。The boy fiddled with it for a while, but before long he discovered that all the answers were written out on the pages at the back.
少年は眉をひそめて呟いたのである。The boy frowned and muttered:
「無礼だなあ」"How rude."
外はみぞれ、何を笑うやレニン像。Sleet outside; what are you laughing at, statue of Lenin?
叔母の言う。My aunt would say:
「お前はきりょうがわるいから、愛嬌だけでもよくなさい。お前はからだが弱いから、心だけでもよくなさい。お前は嘘がうまいから、行いだけでもよくなさい」"You are plain to look at, so at least be charming. You are weak in body, so at least be good at heart. You are good at lying, so at least be good in your conduct."
知っていながらその告白を強いる。They know, and still they force the confession out of you.
なんといういんけんな刑罰であろう。What an insidious punishment.
満月の宵。An evening of full moon.
光っては崩れ、うねっては崩れ、逆巻き、のた打つ浪のなかで互いに離れまいとつないだ手を苦しまぎれに俺が故意と振り切ったとき女は忽ち浪に呑まれて、たかく名を呼んだ。Amid waves that gleamed and broke, swelled and broke, surging and writhing, we had joined hands so as not to be parted; when, in my desperation, I deliberately shook her hand off, the woman was swallowed by the waves at once and cried out a name, loud and high.
俺の名ではなかった。It was not my name.
われは山賊。I am a mountain bandit.
うぬが誇をかすめとらむ。I shall snatch away thy pride.
「よもやそんなことはあるまい、あるまいけれど、な、わしの銅像をたてるとき、右の足を半歩だけ前へだし、ゆったりとそりみにして、左の手はチョッキの中へ、右の手は書き損じの原稿をにぎりつぶし、そうして首をつけぬこと。"Surely it will never come to pass, never, and yet, see here, should they ever raise a bronze statue of me, have the right foot set half a step forward, the body leaning back at ease, the left hand tucked into the waistcoat, the right hand crushing a spoiled draft, and give it no head.
いやいや、なんの意味もない。雀の糞を鼻のあたまに浴びるなど、わしはいやなのだ。そうして台石には、こう刻んでおくれ。No, no, there's no meaning to it. I simply won't have sparrow droppings landing on the tip of my nose. And on the pedestal, carve this for me:
ここに男がいる。生れて、死んだ。一生を、書き損じの原稿を破ることに使った」Here is a man. He was born, and he died. He spent his whole life tearing up spoiled drafts."
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning | JLPT |
|---|---|---|
| 虫が好すぎるむしがいい | selfish; asking too much; wanting things too convenientlydictionary form: 虫がいいIdiom: 虫 here is the 'bug' inside you, meaning your inner feelings. Usually written 虫がいい. | — |
| 無産階級むさんかいきゅう | the propertyless class; the proletariatCommon term in 1920s–30s left-wing writing; 無産 means 'owning nothing'. | — |
| 寄生きせい | living off someone; being a parasite寄生する: to be parasitic on something. Also used for biological parasites. | — |
| 貢献こうけん | contributionUsed as 〜への貢献 or 〜に貢献する. | N3 |
| 肥してこやす | to fatten; to enrichdictionary form: 肥やす懐を肥やす means 'to line someone's pockets'. The older spelling here leaves out the や okurigana. | — |
| 仙人せんにん | hermit sage; immortal recluse who lives apart from the worldA figure from Daoist legend who lives in the mountains. Here it means someone completely untouched by society. | — |
| 羅列られつ | a long row or string of itemsOften slightly negative, suggesting a mere listing of things. | — |
| 巻末かんまつ | the end of a book; the back pagesOpposite: 巻頭 (かんとう), the front of a book. | — |
| 眉をひそめてまゆをひそめる | to frown; to knit one's brows in displeasuredictionary form: 眉をひそめる | — |
| 無礼ぶれい | rude; impoliteA stronger, stiffer word than 失礼. | N1 |
| きりょうきりょう | looks; facial appearancedictionary form: 器量Older word. きりょうがわるい means 'plain-looking'. It can also mean ability or talent. | — |
| 愛嬌あいきょう | charm; winning, likeable manner | — |
| いんけんいんけん | insidious; underhanded; slydictionary form: 陰険Describes hidden malice, the opposite of open hostility. | — |
| 書き損じかきそんじ | a spoiled piece of writing; a botched draftVerb stem + 損じる means 'to fail at doing'. 書き損じる: to make a mistake in writing. | — |
Grammar
〜ばいい N4 it would be best if…; one should just…
The conditional ば followed by いい means 'it would be good if'. Aoi uses it with 死ぬ in a bitter, matter-of-fact tone, and のだ adds the sense of stating a conclusion.
死ねば一番いいのだ。
The best thing would be to die.
〜てはならぬ N3 must not…
This is the same as 〜てはならない. Here the negative is the older literary ぬ instead of ない, which gives Aoi's argument a stiff, formal sound.
人はすべて死んではならぬという科学的な何か理由があるのかね
is there some scientific reason why people must never die?
どんなに〜ことか N2 how very…!
どんなに plus a verb or adjective plus ことか makes an emotional exclamation, not a real question. Here it expresses the boy's delight at the numbers.
なかの数字の羅列がどんなに美しく眼にしみたことか。
How beautifully the rows of figures inside burned into his eyes!
〜まい N2 determined not to…; probably not…
Attached to a verb, まい is a negative volitional or a negative guess. 離れまいと means 'so as not to be parted'. In the next fragment, あるまい means 'surely it won't happen'.
互いに離れまいとつないだ手
the hands we had joined so as not to be parted
〜む (classical volitional) N1 I shall…; I will…
む is the classical auxiliary of will or intention. It is the ancestor of modern 〜う/〜よう, so かすめとらむ corresponds to かすめとろう. Together with うぬ, an archaic contemptuous 'you', it gives the bandit line a mock-heroic tone.
うぬが誇をかすめとらむ。
I shall snatch away thy pride.
〜やがる N2 (contemptuous) the nerve of someone doing…
Attached to the stem of a verb, やがる shows scorn or irritation at someone's action. Here 言っていやがる expresses Kobayakawa's angry impatience with Aoi.
何を言っていやがる。
What are you blathering about?