Cover of 夢十夜 (Yumejūya)

Part 5 of 10 · JLPT N2

夢十夜(第五夜) Yumejūya, part 5: The Captive and the False Cockcrow

by Natsume Sōseki · 1,411 characters · from Ten Nights, Ten Dreams

In this part

In an ancient age close to the time of the gods, the narrator is captured in battle and chooses death rather than surrender. He asks to see the woman he loves once before he dies, and the enemy general agrees to wait until the cock crows at dawn. The woman gallops toward the camp on a white horse, but a false cockcrow from the trickster Amanojaku makes her pull up, and she and the horse plunge into a deep abyss.

AI translation · independently checked

こんな夢ゆめを見みた。I dreamed a dream like this.

何なんでもよほど古ふるい事ことで、神代かみよに近ちかい昔むかしと思おもわれるが、自分じぶんが軍いくさをして運うん悪わるく敗北まけたために、生擒いけどりになって、敵てきの大将たいしょうの前まえに引ひき据すえられた。It was, it seems, a very ancient time, an age I believed to be close to the age of the gods. I had fought in a war and, through bad luck, been defeated, so I was taken alive and dragged before the enemy general, where I was forced to sit.

その頃ころの人ひとはみんな背せが高たかかった。The people of that time were all tall.

そうして、みんな長ながい髯ひげを生はやしていた。And they all wore long beards.

革かわの帯おびを締しめて、それへ棒ぼうのような剣つるぎを釣つるしていた。They wore leather belts, and from them hung swords like staves.

弓ゆみは藤蔓ふじづるの太ふといのをそのまま用もちいたように見みえた。Their bows looked as if they had been made from thick wisteria vines, used just as they were.

漆うるしも塗ぬってなければ磨みがきもかけてない。They were neither lacquered nor polished.

極きわめて素樸そぼくなものであった。They were extremely plain and simple things.

敵てきの大将たいしょうは、弓ゆみの真中まんなかを右みぎの手てで握にぎって、その弓ゆみを草くさの上うえへ突ついて、酒甕さかがめを伏ふせたようなものの上うえに腰こしをかけていた。The enemy general gripped the middle of his bow in his right hand, planted the bow on the grass, and sat on something that looked like an upturned sake jar.

その顔かおを見みると、鼻はなの上うえで、左右さゆうの眉まゆが太ふとく接続つながっている。When I looked at his face, I saw that his thick eyebrows, left and right, met above his nose.

その頃ころ髪剃かみそりと云いうものは無論むろんなかった。Of course, there were no such things as razors in those days.

自分じぶんは虜とりこだから、腰こしをかける訳わけに行いかない。Since I was a prisoner, I could not be allowed a seat.

草くさの上うえに胡坐あぐらをかいていた。I sat cross-legged on the grass.

足あしには大おおきな藁沓わらぐつを穿はいていた。On my feet I wore large straw boots.

この時代じだいの藁沓わらぐつは深ふかいものであった。The straw boots of that age were deep.

立たつと膝頭ひざがしらまで来きた。When I stood, they came up to my knees.

その端はしの所ところは藁わらを少すこし編残あみのこして、房ふさのように下さげて、歩あるくとばらばら動うごくようにして、飾かざりとしていた。At the top edge, a little of the straw was left unwoven and hung down like tassels, so that it swayed loosely as one walked, as a decoration.

大将たいしょうは篝火かがりびで自分じぶんの顔かおを見みて、死しぬか生いきるかと聞きいた。The general looked at my face by the light of the bonfire and asked whether I would die or live.

これはその頃ころの習慣しゅうかんで、捕虜とりこにはだれでも一応いちおうはこう聞きいたものである。This was the custom in those days; every prisoner, whoever he was, was asked this question as a matter of form.

生いきると答こたえると降参こうさんした意味いみで、死しぬと云いうと屈服くっぷくしないと云いう事ことになる。To answer 'live' meant that one had surrendered; to say 'die' meant that one would not submit.

自分じぶんは一言ひとこと死しぬと答こたえた。I answered with a single word: 'Die.'

大将たいしょうは草くさの上うえに突ついていた弓ゆみを向むこうへ抛なげて、腰こしに釣つるした棒ぼうのような剣けんをするりと抜ぬきかけた。The general flung away the bow he had planted on the grass and began to draw, smoothly, the staff-like sword that hung at his waist.

それへ風かぜに靡なびいた篝火かがりびが横よこから吹ふきつけた。The bonfire, bent by the wind, blew against it from the side.

自分じぶんは右みぎの手てを楓かえでのように開ひらいて、掌たなごころを大将たいしょうの方ほうへ向むけて、眼めの上うえへ差さし上あげた。I spread my right hand open like a maple leaf, turned the palm toward the general, and raised it above my eyes.

待まてと云いう相図あいずである。It was the sign for 'Wait.'

大将たいしょうは太ふとい剣けんをかちゃりと鞘さやに収おさめた。The general slid his thick sword back into its scabbard with a clank.

その頃ころでも恋こいはあった。Even in those days there was love.

自分じぶんは死しぬ前まえに一目ひとめ思おもう女おんなに逢あいたいと云いった。I said that before I died I wanted to see the woman I loved, just once.

大将たいしょうは夜よが開あけて鶏とりが鳴なくまでなら待まつと云いった。The general said he would wait, but only until night gave way to dawn and the cock crowed.

鶏にわとりが鳴なくまでに女おんなをここへ呼よばなければならない。I had to call the woman here before the cock crowed.

鶏にわとりが鳴ないても女おんなが来こなければ、自分じぶんは逢あわずに殺ころされてしまう。If the cock crowed and the woman had not come, I would be killed without seeing her.

大将たいしょうは腰こしをかけたまま、篝火かがりびを眺ながめている。The general, still seated, gazed at the bonfire.

自分じぶんは大おおきな藁沓わらぐつを組くみ合あわしたまま、草くさの上うえで女おんなを待まっている。I sat on the grass with my big straw boots crossed, waiting for the woman.

夜よはだんだん更ふける。The night grew steadily deeper.

時々ときどき篝火かがりびが崩くずれる音おとがする。Now and then came the sound of the bonfire collapsing.

崩くずれるたびに狼狽うろたえたように焔ほのおが大将たいしょうになだれかかる。Each time it collapsed, the flames surged toward the general as if in a panic.

真黒まっくろな眉まゆの下もとで、大将たいしょうの眼めがぴかぴかと光ひかっている。Beneath his jet-black eyebrows, the general's eyes glittered.

すると誰だれやら来きて、新あたらしい枝えだをたくさん火ひの中なかへ抛なげ込こんで行いく。Then someone came, threw a great many fresh branches into the fire, and went away.

しばらくすると、火ひがぱちぱちと鳴なる。After a while, the fire began to crackle.

暗闇くらやみを弾はじき返かえすような勇いさましい音おとであった。It was a brave sound, as if it were beating back the darkness.

この時女ときおんなは、裏うらの楢ならの木きに繋つないである、白しろい馬うまを引ひき出だした。At that moment the woman led out a white horse that was tied to the oak tree behind her house.

鬣たてがみを三さん度ど撫なでて高たかい背せにひらりと飛とび乗のった。She stroked its mane three times and leapt lightly onto its high back.

鞍くらもない鐙あぶみもない裸馬はだかうまであった。It was a bare horse, with neither saddle nor stirrups.

長ながく白しろい足あしで、太腹ふとばらを蹴けると、馬うまはいっさんに駆かけ出だした。When she kicked its broad belly with her long white legs, the horse broke into a headlong gallop.

誰だれかが篝かがりを継つぎ足たしたので、遠とおくの空そらが薄明うすあかるく見みえる。Because someone had fed the bonfire, the distant sky looked faintly bright.

馬うまはこの明あかるいものを目懸めがけて闇やみの中なかを飛とんで来くる。Aiming for that brightness, the horse came flying through the dark.

鼻はなから火ひの柱はしらのような息いきを二本にほん出だして飛とんで来くる。It came flying, breathing out two jets of breath like pillars of fire from its nostrils.

それでも女おんなは細ほそい足あしでしきりなしに馬うまの腹はらを蹴けっている。Even so, the woman kept kicking the horse's belly with her slender legs, without pause.

馬うまは蹄ひづめの音おとが宙ちゅうで鳴なるほど早はやく飛とんで来くる。The horse came flying so fast that the sound of its hooves rang out in the air.

女おんなの髪かみは吹流ふきながしのように闇やみの中なかに尾おを曳ひいた。The woman's hair streamed out behind her in the darkness like a windsock.

それでもまだ篝かがりのある所ところまで来こられない。And still she could not reach the place where the bonfire was.

すると真闇まっくらな道みちの傍はたで、たちまちこけこっこうという鶏にわとりの声こえがした。Then, beside the pitch-dark road, there suddenly came a cock's cry: 'Cock-a-doodle-doo!'

女おんなは身みを空様そらざまに、両手りょうてに握にぎった手綱たづなをうんと控ひかえた。The woman threw her body back toward the sky and pulled hard on the reins she gripped in both hands.

馬うまは前足まえあしの蹄ひづめを堅かたい岩いわの上うえに発矢はっしと刻きざみ込こんだ。The horse's front hooves struck the hard rock and cut deep into it.

こけこっこうと鶏にわとりがまた一声ひとこえ鳴ないた。'Cock-a-doodle-doo!' the cock cried once more.

女おんなはあっと云いって、緊しめた手綱たづなを一度いちどに緩ゆるめた。The woman cried out and let the tight reins go slack all at once.

馬うまは諸膝もろひざを折おる。The horse's knees buckled.

乗のった人ひとと共ともに真向まともへ前まえへのめった。It pitched headlong forward, together with its rider.

岩いわの下したは深ふかい淵ふちであった。Below the rock was a deep abyss.

蹄ひづめの跡あとはいまだに岩いわの上うえに残のこっている。The hoofprints remain on the rock to this day.

鶏にわとりの鳴なく真似まねをしたものは天探女あまのじゃくである。The one who imitated the cock's crow was Amanojaku.

この蹄ひづめの痕あとの岩いわに刻きざみつけられている間あいだ、天探女あまのじゃくは自分じぶんの敵かたきである。For as long as these hoofprints remain carved into the rock, Amanojaku will be my enemy.

Vocabulary

WordMeaningJLPT
生擒いけどりbeing captured alivedictionary form: 生け捕り生擒になる = to be taken prisoner. Usually written 生け捕り today.—
引き据えられたひきすえるto drag someone and force them to sitdictionary form: 引き据える引く (pull) + 据える (set in place).—
虜とりこcaptive, prisonerAlso used figuratively: 恋の虜 'a captive of love'.—
藁沓わらぐつstraw bootsOld-fashioned footwear; 沓 is an archaic kanji for shoes.—
篝火かがりびbonfire, watch-fireAn open fire lit for light at night, e.g. at a camp; also 篝 alone.—
降参こうさんsurrender降参する = to give in; also used casually for 'I give up'.—
屈服くっぷくsubmission, yielding屈服しない = to refuse to submit.—
相図あいずsignal, signdictionary form: 合図Older spelling of 合図.N3
一目ひとめa single glimpse, one look一目逢いたい = want to see (someone) just once.N1
更けるふける(of night) to grow late, deepenMostly used with 夜: 夜が更ける.N2
裸馬はだかうまbareback horse, unsaddled horse—
手綱たづなreins手綱を控える/緩める = pull in / slacken the reins.—
淵ふちdeep pool, abyssDeep, still water; opposite of 瀬 (shallows).—
敵かたき(personal) enemy, foeRead かたき for a personal enemy one bears a grudge against; てき is the general 'enemy'.N1

Grammar

〜訳に行かない N3 cannot (for social or moral reasons)

Verb (dictionary form) + わけにいかない means something is not possible because of circumstances or propriety, not physical inability. Here a prisoner is not permitted to sit on a seat.

自分は虜だから、腰をかける訳に行かない。

Since I was a prisoner, I could not be allowed a seat.

〜たものである N2 used to (habitual past)

Past tense + ものだ/である describes something that was customarily done in the past. It frames the question as an old custom.

捕虜にはだれでも一応はこう聞いたものである。

Every prisoner, whoever he was, was asked this question as a matter of form.

〜かける N3 to start to ~, be about to ~

Verb stem + かける shows an action that has begun but is not completed. The general started to draw his sword but put it back.

棒のような剣をするりと抜きかけた。

He began to draw, smoothly, the staff-like sword.

〜ずに N3 without doing ~

Verb negative stem + ずに is a written equivalent of 〜ないで. 逢わずに means 'without meeting her'.

自分は逢わずに殺されてしまう。

I would be killed without seeing her.

〜たまま N4 while remaining in the state of ~

Past form + まま means a state continues unchanged while something else happens. The general stays seated as he watches the fire.

大将は腰をかけたまま、篝火を眺めている。

The general, still seated, gazed at the bonfire.

〜ほど N3 to the extent that ~, so ~ that ~

Clause + ほど expresses degree: the horse runs so fast that its hoofbeats seem to ring in the air.

馬は蹄の音が宙で鳴るほど早く飛んで来る。

The horse came flying so fast that the sound of its hooves rang out in the air.